Naturalistic quantification of canine olfactory sensitivity
Naturalistic quantification of canine olfactory sensitivity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.applanim.2005.07.009
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Suarez, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walker, DB;Walker, JC;Suarez, JC
尽管在解决气味检测、识别和本地化的“现实世界”问题时，对训狗员团队的依赖越来越大，但还没有关于量化这类团队能力的全面方法的报道。我们开发了一种方法，在这种方法中，每只狗都和它的主人训练员一起被关在家里，没有食物和水，并向它的训练员指出五个特氟龙盒中的哪一个含有目标气味醋酸正戊酯(NAA)。在以这种方式训练的两只狗(罗特韦尔犬和标准雪纳瑞犬)中，在为期几周的过程中，系统地降低NAA的精确控制浓度范围，分三次9次试验，直到看到偶然的表现。每个浓度的数据以Logistic回归方程的形式表示，该方程将浓度与观察到的性能(或更好的)仅被偶然看到的二项式概率相关联。将概率为0.05的浓度定义为阈值。在这个公认的小样本中，我们获得的值(1.9和1.14ppt)大约比Krestel等人报告的阈值范围低30-20,000倍。[Krestel，D.，Passe，D.，Smith，J.C.，Jonsson，L.，1984.犬对乙酸戊酯嗅觉阈值的行为学测定。神经科。生物行为。Rev.8,169-174]在他们对Beagle对NAA敏感性的条件抑制研究中。因此，我们的方法似乎有显著的优势，尽管结果不同的原因尚不清楚。这种新方法的“寻找目标”方面使其很容易适用于比单一化合物检测复杂得多的气味处理任务。(C)2005 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Despite the large and growing dependence on dog-handler teams for solving "real world" problems of odor detection, recognition and localization, no comprehensive methodology for quantifying the capabilities of such teams has been reported. We developed an approach in which each dog is housed with its owner-handler, deprived of neither food nor water and indicates to its handler which of five Teflon boxes contains the target odorant of n-amyl acetate (nAA). In two dogs (Rottweiler, Standard Schnauzer) trained in this way, precisely controlled concentration ranges of nAA were systematically lowered over the course of several weeks, in blocks of three 9-trial sessions, until chance performance was seen. Data for each concentration were expressed in terms of a logistic regression equation relating concentration to the binomial probability that the observed performance (or better) would be seen by chance alone. That concentration corresponding to a probability of 0.05 was defined as threshold. In this admittedly small sample, the values we obtained (1.9 and 1.14 ppt) are roughly 30- to 20,000-fold lower than the range of thresholds reported by Krestel et al. [Krestel, D., Passe, D., Smith, J.C., Jonsson, L., 1984. Behavioral determination of olfactory thresholds to amyl acetate in dogs. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 8, 169-174] in their conditioned suppression study of beagle sensitivity to nAA. Thus, it appears that there are significant advantages to our approach, though the reasons for differences in results are unclear. The "find the target" aspect of this new method makes it readily applicable to odor processing tasks much more complex than detection of single compounds. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.