On the optimal anchor placement in single-hop sensor localization
On the optimal anchor placement in single-hop sensor localization
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DOI：
10.1007/s11276-016-1424-7
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Qing Miao;Baoqi Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qing Miao;Baoqi Huang
在无线传感器网络中，位置已知的锚节点的放置问题对于提高位置未知的待测传感器节点的位置估计精度具有重要作用。本文从一个新的角度研究单跳传感器定位问题。一方面，与现有的研究依赖于理想的独立同分布（i.i.d.）针对距离测量中的噪声，即与距离无关的噪声，本文定义了一种更现实的噪声模型，即距离相关噪声，在这个意义上，噪声方差是传感器到锚距离的函数。另一方面，除了评估在确定性位置的传感器的定位性能，通过假设传感器位置的单位圆盘内的均匀和随机分布，并评估相关联的Fisher信息矩阵行列式的平均值作为锚放置的最优性度量，采用统计方法。通过该度量，从理论和仿真两个角度研究了最优锚放置。在具有与距离无关的噪声的最优锚放置的文献中，已经解决或证明在边界上等距地布置锚是最优的。然而，经过深入的分析，它表明，这一结论通常是不正确的，但接近正确的锚的数量趋于无穷大。本研究不仅为临床上锚钉的最佳放置提供了有益的指导，而且为今后的最佳锚放置研究提供了有价值的见解。
In wireless sensor networks, the problem of anchor (whose locations are a priori known) placement plays a vital role in improving the estimation accuracy of sensor (whose locations are unknown and need to be determined) locations. This paper deals with single-hop sensor localization from a novel perspective. On the one hand, unlike existing studies relying on ideal independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) noises in distance measurements, namely distance-independent noises, this paper defines a more realistic noise model in the sense that the noise variance is a function of sensor-to-anchor distances, namely distance-dependent noises. On the other hand, other than evaluating the localization performance for sensors at deterministic locations, a statistical approach is adopted by assuming a uniform and random distribution within a unit disk for the sensor location and evaluating the mean value of the associated Fisher information matrix determinant as the optimality metric for anchor placement. Through this metric, the optimal anchor placement is investigated from both theoretical and simulative perspectives. In the literature of optimal anchor placement with distance-independent noises, it has been addressed or conjectured to be true that it is optimal to have anchors equally spaced on the boundary. However, after a thorough analysis, it is shown that this conclusion is generally incorrect, but approaches to be true provided that the number of anchors goes to infinity. This study not only provides useful guidance for optimally deploying anchors in practice, but also yields valuable insights for future research on optimal anchor placement.