Hyper-concentrated flow response to aeolian and fluvial interactions from a desert watershed upstream of the Yellow River
Hyper-concentrated flow response to aeolian and fluvial interactions from a desert watershed upstream of the Yellow River
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黄河上游沙漠流域风沙相互作用的超集中流量响应
DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2016.07.033
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Ta, Wanquan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Zhijun;Ta, Wanquan
风沙流相互作用是干旱区尤其是荒漠流域的重要地表过程。高浓度流动的季节性交替的AFI的反应显示出非常高的沉积物输送率，并具有重要的环境和生态后果，从当地到全球规模。本文介绍了黄河上游苏达拉尔沙漠流域发生的风成过程引起的高含沙水流，主要输送非粘性粗粒风成沙（> 0.08 mm），峰值悬沙浓度（SSC）为1.1 - 1.4 × 106 mg l− 3。我们的现场研究和理论分析表明，渠道下游的非粘性粗风成沙可以从床中夹带出来，并可以通过上游产生的显著径流悬浮在湍流中，SSCγ 0值为0.5 × 106 mg l− 3。强烈的风沙作用可以为河道提供丰富的粗泥沙，一旦被挟沙，也可以触发和促进AHC流的发展。本文首次定义了悬沙最佳粒径指标（OGI）为粗、细泥沙质量分数之比C> 0.08mm/C<0.05mm，表明随着粗泥沙质量分数的增加，有意义的径流逐渐向高含沙径流转变，当OGI = 3.25时，悬沙最大。由于沙尘暴频繁而暴雨稀少，大部分具有一定SSCγ 0的强降雨径流可发展成AHC流，并对总输沙量产生较大贡献，甚至对下游河流系统和生态产生不利影响。通过与半干旱区其它荒漠流域的比较，我们提出，在干旱荒漠流域，SSCγ 0 = 500 kg m− 3是发生AHC流的阈值标准。对上游切沟坡面土壤侵蚀进行综合治理是控制流域径流的有效措施。
Aeolian and fluvial interactions (AFIs) are critical earth-surface processes in arid zones, especially in desert watersheds. The response of hyper-concentrated flows to seasonal alternate AFIs shows very high rates of sediment transport and has important environmental and ecological consequences from local to global scales. Here, we present the aeolian processes-induced hyper-concentrated (AHC) flows that occurred in the Sudalaer desert watershed upstream of the Yellow River, which primarily transport non-cohesive coarse aeolian sand (> 0.08 mm) and show a peak suspended sediment concentration (SSC) of 1.1 to 1.4 × 106mg l− 3. Our field study and theoretical analysis indicate that non-cohesive coarse aeolian sand downstream in the channel can be entrained from the bed and can be suspended in the turbulent flow by the significant runoff generated upstream with a SSCγ0value of 0.5 × 106mg l− 3. Severe aeolian processes can provide an abundant coarse sediment supply in the channel, which, once entrained, can also trigger and promote the development of AHC flows. We define, for the first time, the ratio of the weight percentage of coarse sediment to fine sediment C> 0.08mm/C< 0.05mmas the optimal grain size indicator (OGI) in suspended sediment, indicating that, as the fraction of coarse sediment increases, the significant runoff gradually changes to hyper-concentrated flows and reaches the peak SSC when OGI = 3.25. Due to the high frequency of sandstorms and the infrequency of rainstorms, most of the significant rainfall-induced runoff with a certain SSCγ0can develop into AHC flows and can substantially contribute to the total sediment yield, even leading to deleterious effects on the downstream river system and ecology. Compared with other desert watersheds in semiarid regions, we propose that a SSCγ0of 500 kg m− 3is the threshold criteria for the occurrence of AHC flows in the arid desert watersheds. Comprehensive governing of soil erosion in the upstream gully-dissected slopes is an essential and effective measure for controlling AHC flows.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
J. Field;D. Breshears;J. Whicker
通讯作者：
J. Field;D. Breshears;J. Whicker
鄂尔多斯高原沙漠流域风沙作用对河流沉积物产量的贡献
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Wanquan Ta;Haibin Wang;Xiaopeng Jia
通讯作者：
Xiaopeng Jia
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Liu, Baoli;Coulthard, Tom J.
通讯作者：
Coulthard, Tom J.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Journal of Desert Research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Li Shuang-quan
通讯作者：
Li Shuang-quan
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
W. Goodfellow;I. Jonasson
通讯作者：
W. Goodfellow;I. Jonasson