Perpendicular orientation of host polymer chains in clathrate thick films
Perpendicular orientation of host polymer chains in clathrate thick films
复制标题
笼形厚膜中主体聚合物链的垂直取向
DOI：
10.1021/ma035698q
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
G. Guerra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paola Rizzo;A. Costabile;G. Guerra
对于几乎所有材料来说，取向是一种具有重大技术和理论重要性的现象。事实上，可以引用许多例子来说明取向如何影响固体的性质。 1 对于聚合物材料，取向对性能的影响虽然在形式上与其他材料相似，但更为相关。例如，对于聚合物来说，增加刚度（更具体地说是强度）的程度以及实现这一点的容易程度与其他材料没有可比性。取向与功能性聚合物材料尤其相关，例如具有铁电或导电或非线性光学特性的聚合物。当然，当功能性归因于结晶相时，结晶相取向的控制尤其相关。对于工业相关厚度 (1-100 µm) 的半结晶聚合物薄膜，例如通过最初未取向系统的固态变形，可以轻松实现不同类型的结晶相取向，这些结晶相取向呈现平行于薄膜平面的链轴（通常对应于晶体学 c 轴）4。链轴垂直于薄膜平面的结晶相取向，尽管通常是为溶液生长的聚合物单晶片层（典型厚度为十分之一纳米）实现的。与单晶垫一样，5 相反不适用于工业相关厚度的薄膜。
Orientation is a phenomenon of great technical and theoretical importance for nearly all materials. In fact, many examples could be quoted to illustrate how orientation affects the properties of solids. 1 For polymeric materials, the effects of orientation on properties, although formally similar to those on other materials, are more relevant. For instance, for polymers, the extent to which it is possible to increase stiffness, and more particularly strength, and the ease with which this can be done find no parallel with other materials. Orientation is particularly relevant for functional polymeric materials, like, for instance, polymers presenting ferroelectric or conductive2 or nonlinear optical3 properties. Of course, when the functionality is due to the crystalline phase, the control of the orientation of the crystalline phase is particularly relevant. Different kinds of crystalline phase orientations, which present the chain axes (generally corresponding to the crystallographic c axis) parallel to the film plane, 4 can easily be achieved for semicrystalline polymeric films of industrially relevant thickness (1-100 µm), for instance by deformation in the solid state of initially unoriented systems.The crystalline phase orientation for which the chain axes are perpendicular to the film plane, although generally achieved for solution grown polymeric single crystals lamellae (with a typical thickness of tenths of nanometers) as well as for single-crystal mats, 5 is on the contrary not available for films of industrially relevant thicknesses.