Speaking clearly for the hard of hearing IV: Further studies of the role of speaking rate.
Speaking clearly for the hard of hearing IV: Further studies of the role of speaking rate.
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DOI：
10.1044/jshr.3903.494
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发表时间：
1996-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Uchanski;Sunkyung S. Choi;L. Braida;C. Reed;N. Durlach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Uchanski;Sunkyung S. Choi;L. Braida;C. Reed;N. Durlach
通过调整语音段的持续时间（a）通过非均匀信号时间缩放，（B）通过删除和插入停顿，以及（c）通过以宽范围的说话速率从专业演讲者处引出材料，来评估降低的说话速率对“清晰”语音的可懂度的贡献（Picheny，Durlach和Braida，1985）。当在安静的环境中呈现给感音神经障碍的听众时，以及在噪音背景中呈现给听力正常的听众时，明显无意义的句子中的关键词比对话中的关键词更容易理解（15分）。重复介绍会话材料也提高了分数（6分）。然而，由逐段时间缩放引入的降级使得这种时间缩放技术作为转换说话风格的手段存在问题。从这些材料中切除的关键词的分数，并在隔离一般表现出相同的趋势，在句子的上下文中。操作的停顿结构降低分数时，额外的停顿被引入到会话的句子，当停顿被删除，从清晰的句子。由专业的谈话者制作的材料的关键词得分呈负相关的说话率，但会话率得分没有接近其他谈话者的清晰的讲话。在所有的实验中，听力正常的听众暴露在平谱背景噪声中的表现与听力损失的听众相似。
The contribution of reduced speaking rate to the intelligibility of "clear" speech (Picheny, Durlach, & Braida, 1985) was evaluated by adjusting the durations of speech segments (a) via nonuniform signal time-scaling, (b) by deleting and inserting pauses, and (c) by eliciting materials from a professional speaker at a wide range of speaking rates. Key words in clearly spoken nonsense sentences were substantially more intelligible than those spoken conversationally (15 points) when presented in quiet for listeners with sensorineural impairments and when presented in a noise background to listeners with normal hearing. Repeated presentation of conversational materials also improved scores (6 points). However, degradations introduced by segment-by-segment time-scaling rendered this time-scaling technique problematic as a means of converting speaking styles. Scores for key words excised from these materials and presented in isolation generally exhibited the same trends as in sentence contexts. Manipulation of pause structure reduced scores both when additional pauses were introduced into conversational sentences and when pauses were deleted from clear sentences. Key-word scores for materials produced by a professional talker were inversely correlated with speaking rate, but conversational rate scores did not approach those of clear speech for other talkers. In all experiments, listeners with normal hearing exposed to flat-spectrum background noise performed similarly to listeners with hearing loss.