Assessing exposure to outdoor air pollution for epidemiological studies: Model-based and personal sampling strategies
Assessing exposure to outdoor air pollution for epidemiological studies: Model-based and personal sampling strategies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2019.04.019
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
Ryan, Patrick H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brokamp, Cole;Brandt, Eric B.;Ryan, Patrick H.
流行病学研究发现，空气污染与呼吸系统健康有因果关系，包括儿童哮喘的加剧和发展。在这些研究中，准确地描述暴露是至关重要的，以确保对健康影响的有效估计。在这里，我们简要概述了空气污染暴露评估的演变，从使用地面、单站点空气监测站进行人口水平估计，到使用先进的机器学习算法和基于卫星的数据在高空间分辨率下准确估计个人水平的每日暴露的时空模型的最新进展。此外，我们回顾了传感器技术的最新进展，使个人监测能够在流行病学研究中使用，长期以来被认为是空气污染暴露评估的“圣杯”。最后，我们强调了每种方法的主要优势和用途，包括空气污染模型的普遍性和公共卫生相关性，以及有助于指导个性化预防策略的个人监测器的准确性。研究人员和临床医生对空气污染对过敏性疾病和哮喘的影响感兴趣，应仔细考虑每种方法的利弊，以指导其在研究和实践中的应用。
Epidemiologic studies have found air pollution to be causally linked to respiratory health including the exacerbation and development of childhood asthma. Accurately characterizing exposure is paramount in these studies to ensure valid estimates of health effects. Here, we provide a brief overview of the evolution of air pollution exposure assessment ranging from the use of ground-based, single-site air monitoring stations for population-level estimates to recent advances in spatiotemporal models, which use advanced machine learning algorithms and satellite-based data to accurately estimate individual-level daily exposures at high spatial resolutions. In addition, we review recent advances in sensor technology that enable the use of personal monitoring in epidemiologic studies, long-considered the "holy grail'' of air pollution exposure assessment. Finally, we highlight key advantages and uses of each approach including the generalizability and public health relevance of air pollution models and the accuracy of personal monitors that are useful to guide personalized prevention strategies. Investigators and clinicians interested in the effects of air pollution on allergic disease and asthma should carefully consider the pros and cons of each approach to guide their application in research and practice.