The neuronal pathways mediating the behavioral and addictive properties of nicotine.
The neuronal pathways mediating the behavioral and addictive properties of nicotine.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-540-69248-5_8
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Balfour, David J K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Balfour, David J K
本章考虑了被认为介导尼古丁增强或奖励特性的神经生物学机制。它关注的数据（主要来自实验动物的研究）表明，尼古丁，像其他药物的依赖，刺激中脑边缘多巴胺（DA）神经元，投射到伏隔核，这些影响在尼古丁依赖的生物学基础上起着关键作用。尼古丁的强化或奖励特性被认为特别与伏隔核壳细分引起的DA溢出增加有关。然而，行为学研究表明，实验动物体内尼古丁的这些特性似乎不足以解释大多数习惯性吸烟者对烟草的强烈上瘾。本章还考虑了介导与尼古丁呈现相关的线索和刺激效应的生物学机制，这被认为是烟草烟雾强大的成瘾性的重要原因。
This chapter considers the neurobiological mechanisms that are thought to mediate the reinforcing or rewarding properties of nicotine. It focuses on the data (derived principally from studies with experimental animals) showing that nicotine, like other drugs of dependence, stimulates the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neurones that project to the nucleus accumbens and that these effects play a pivotal role in the biology underlying nicotine dependence. The reinforcing or rewarding properties of nicotine are thought to be associated particularly with the increase in DA overflow evoked in the shell subdivision of the accumbens. However, behavioural studies suggest that these properties of nicotine in experimental animals do not seem to be sufficiently potent to explain the powerful addiction to tobacco experienced by most habitual smokers. This chapter also considers the biological mechanisms that mediate the effects of cues and stimuli associated with the presentation of nicotine, which are thought to contribute significantly to the powerful addictive properties of tobacco smoke.