An Overview and History of Glyco-Engineering in Insect Expression Systems
An Overview and History of Glyco-Engineering in Insect Expression Systems
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-2760-9_10
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jarvis, Donald L.
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作者：
Geisler, Christoph;Mabashi-Asazuma, Hideaki;Jarvis, Donald L.
包括杆状病毒-昆虫细胞和果蝇S2细胞系统在内的昆虫系统被广泛用作重组蛋白的生产平台。然而，从历史上看，没有基于昆虫的系统能够产生具有人型聚糖的糖蛋白，这往往影响治疗性糖蛋白的临床疗效和其他重组糖蛋白产品的整体结构和功能。此外，一些昆虫细胞系统产生具有免疫原性表位的n -聚糖。在过去的20年里，这些问题已经通过糖工程昆虫表达系统的努力得到解决。这些努力的重点是引入产生复杂型、最终唾液化的n -聚糖的能力，并消除产生免疫原性n -聚糖的能力。各种糖工程方法包括对昆虫细胞、杆状病毒载体和/或昆虫进行基因工程，用异源基因编码产生各种糖基转移酶、糖、核苷酸糖和核苷酸糖转运体所需的酶，以及一种可以消耗GDP聚焦的酶。在本章中，我们介绍了糖工程在昆虫表达系统中的概述和历史，作为后续章节的前奏，这些章节将重点介绍用于此目的的各种方法。
Insect systems, including the baculovirus-insect cell and Drosophila S2 cell systems are widely used as recombinant protein production platforms. Historically, however, no insect-based system has been able to produce glycoproteins with human-type glycans, which often influence the clinical efficacy of therapeutic glycoproteins and the overall structures and functions of other recombinant glycoprotein products. In addition, some insect cell systems produce N-glycans with immunogenic epitopes. Over the past 20 years, these problems have been addressed by efforts to glyco-engineer insect-based expression systems. These efforts have focused on introducing the capacity to produce complex-type, terminally sialylated N-glycans and eliminating the capacity to produce immunogenic N-glycans. Various glyco-engineering approaches have included genetically engineering insect cells, baculoviral vectors, and/or insects with heterologous genes encoding the enzymes required to produce various glycosyltransferases, sugars, nucleotide sugars, and nucleotide sugar transporters, as well as an enzyme that can deplete GDP-fucose. In this chapter, we present an overview and history of glyco-engineering in insect expression systems as a prelude to subsequent chapters, which will highlight various methods used for this purpose.