2018 FIFA World Cup qualification can be manipulated
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification can be manipulated
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2018年世界杯参赛资格可被操纵
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Csató
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Csató
在2018年FIFA世界杯资格赛的欧洲部分中，有13个国家队是欧洲足球协会联盟（UEFA）的成员，可以参加决赛。这54支球队分为9个小组，在10场比赛中进行自制循环赛。每个小组的获胜者都有资格，而八个最佳第二名的球队进入了季后赛，因此四个季后赛获胜者也有资格。第二名球队的排名与排名的排名不同，因为对第六名球队的小组比赛被丢弃。结果表明，此功能打开了一种操纵的方式：如果团队在小组阶段的最后一场比赛中获胜，则可能会消除该团队，但前提是通过打平局进行季后赛，只要所有其他结果都是固定的。一个例子表明，这种情况甚至可能发生在2017年10月，在资格中已经进行了八场比赛之后。此外，通过调整2017年10月在2017年10月进行的两场比赛的结果，每个球队都可以严格偏爱最后一场比赛的胜利，因为前者可以将比赛推向季后赛，但后来是当然会导致其消除。
In the European section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification, 13 national teams, which are members of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), can qualify for the final competition. The 54 teams are divided into nine groups to play home-and-away round-robin matches in 10 matchdays. The winners of each group qualify, while the eight best second-placed teams advance to play-offs such that the four winners of play-offs also qualify. Ranking of second-placed teams differs from ranking in groups since group matches against the sixth-placed team are discarded. It is shown that this feature opens a way for manipulation: it may happen that a team is eliminated if it wins in the last matchday of group stage, but it advances to play-offs by playing a draw, provided that all other results are fixed. An example reveals that this situation might even occur in October 2017, after eight matchdays are already played in the qualification. Furthermore, by adjusting the result of only two matches played before October 2017 with an addition of one goal each, a team can strictly prefer a draw over a win in its last match as the former may advance it to play-offs, but the latter certainly leads to its elimination.