Density and Diversity of Microbial Symbionts under Organic and Conventional Agricultural Management
Density and Diversity of Microbial Symbionts under Organic and Conventional Agricultural Management
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DOI：
10.1264/jsme2.me18138
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发表时间：
2019-09-25
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Takacs, Tunde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gazdag, Orsolya;Kovacs, Ramona;Takacs, Tunde
有机和常规耕作和农业生态学的土著土壤微生物群落的多样性和功能的影响进行了研究，使用多因素分析的基础上扩展的最小数据集的经典状态和功能测试。主要的土壤理化性质和选定的微生物指标，异养或好氧孢子形成细菌的数量，基础和底物诱导的呼吸，分解代谢活性与MicroResp（TM），和荧光素二乙酸酯酶的活性进行了表征。采用最大概然数法设计了土壤稀释系列盆栽试验。和小麦（Triticum spelta L.）评估植物微生物组的关键指示群的共生感染性和遗传多样性，例如固氮细菌（根瘤菌）和丛枝菌根真菌。土壤pH值、腐殖质含量、CFU、酶活性和土壤呼吸均显著高于有机质土壤。土壤微生物活性主要与粘粒、腐殖质、钙、镁等参数有关。分解代谢活性的冗余度分析表明，样品根据不同的基质利用模式进行分组，土地利用也明显分开。耕作方式影响微生物种群的丰度和多样性。暗隔膜内生真菌只在常规土壤中发现。除了通过有机管理确认土壤健康改善外，我们的研究结果还强调了复杂评估的重要性，包括土壤微生物群的经典状态和功能参数，这可能更可靠地表明土壤质量状态的转变。
The influence of organic and conventional farming and agroecology on the diversity and functioning of indigenous soil microbial communities was examined using a multifactorial analysis based on an extended minimum data set of classical status and functional tests. Main soil physicochemical properties and selected microbiological indicators, the quantity of heterotrophic or aerobic spore-forming bacteria, basal and substrate-induced respiration, catabolic activity with MicroResp (TM), and fluorescein diacetate enzyme activity were characterized. A pot experiment applying the most probable number method was designed with soil dilution series using Pisum sativum L. and Triticum spelta L. to assess the symbiotic infectivity and genetic diversity of key indicator groups of the plant microbiome, e.g. nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil pH. humus content, CFU, enzyme activity, and soil respiration were significantly higher in organic soils. The activity of soil microorganisms was mainly related to clay, humus, calcium, and magnesium parameters. A redundancy analysis test of catabolic activities showed that samples were grouped according to different substrate utilization patterns and land uses were also clearly separated from each other. Farming practice influenced the abundance and diversity of microbial populations. Dark septate endophy tic fungi were only found in conventional soils. In addition to confirming soil health improvements by organic management, our results highlight the importance of a complex evaluation including both classical status and functional parameters of soil microbiota, which may more reliably indicate a shift in the quality status of soils.