Genetic Diversity of Potassium Ion Channel Proteins Encoded by Chloroviruses That InfectChlorella heliozoae
Genetic Diversity of Potassium Ion Channel Proteins Encoded by Chloroviruses That InfectChlorella heliozoae
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DOI：
10.3390/v12060678
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Van Etten, James L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murry, Carter R.;Agarkova, Irina, V;Van Etten, James L.
氯病毒是一种大型的、能形成斑块的dsDNA病毒，它感染与原生生物共生的小球藻样绿藻。氯病毒的基因组从290到370 kb不等，它们编码多达400种蛋白质。氯病毒的一个有趣特征是它们编码一种名为Kcv的钾离子通道蛋白。由SAG氯病毒ATCV-1编码的Kcv蛋白是已知最小的功能性K（+）通道蛋白之一，由82个氨基酸组成。Kcv（ATCV-1）蛋白与两个跨膜结构域K（+）通道蛋白家族具有相似性；它由两个跨膜的α -螺旋组成，中间有一个孔区，是研究K（+）通道的理想模型。为了评估其遗传多样性，对103个地理位置不同的SAG氯病毒分离株的kcvgenes进行了测序。在103kcv基因中，有42个独特的DNA序列可翻译成26个新的Kcv通道。新预测的Kcv蛋白与Kcv（ATCV-1）存在1 ~ 55个氨基酸的差异。Kcv蛋白最保守的区域是过滤器，转塔和孔螺旋保守性较好，蛋白的外跨膜结构域和内跨膜结构域变化最大。两个新的预测通道被证明是功能性的K（+）通道。
Chloroviruses are large, plaque-forming, dsDNA viruses that infect chlorella-like green algae that live in a symbiotic relationship with protists. Chloroviruses have genomes from 290 to 370 kb, and they encode as many as 400 proteins. One interesting feature of chloroviruses is that they encode a potassium ion (K+) channel protein named Kcv. The Kcv protein encoded by SAG chlorovirus ATCV-1 is one of the smallest known functional K(+)channel proteins consisting of 82 amino acids. The Kcv(ATCV-1)protein has similarities to the family of two transmembrane domain K(+)channel proteins; it consists of two transmembrane alpha-helixes with a pore region in the middle, making it an ideal model for studying K(+)channels. To assess their genetic diversity,kcvgenes were sequenced from 103 geographically distinct SAG chlorovirus isolates. Of the 103kcvgenes, there were 42 unique DNA sequences that translated into 26 new Kcv channels. The new predicted Kcv proteins differed from Kcv(ATCV-1)by 1 to 55 amino acids. The most conserved region of the Kcv protein was the filter, the turret and the pore helix were fairly well conserved, and the outer and the inner transmembrane domains of the protein were the most variable. Two of the new predicted channels were shown to be functional K(+)channels.