Developmental Maturation of Causal Signaling Hubs in Voluntary Control of Saccades and Their Functional Controllability.
Developmental Maturation of Causal Signaling Hubs in Voluntary Control of Saccades and Their Functional Controllability.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhab514
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yuan Zhang;S. Ryali;Weidong Cai;Kaustubh Supekar;R. Pasumarthy;A. Padmanabhan;Beatriz Luna;V. Menon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuan Zhang;S. Ryali;Weidong Cai;Kaustubh Supekar;R. Pasumarthy;A. Padmanabhan;Beatriz Luna;V. Menon
适应性地对环境中的行为相关线索做出反应的能力，包括对自动但不适当的反应的自愿控制和对目标相关的替代反应的部署，从童年到成年经历了显着的成熟。重要的是，自主控制过程的成熟会影响几个关键认知领域的发展轨迹，包括执行功能和情绪调节。因此，理解自主控制的成熟具有根本的重要性，但对潜在的因果功能回路机制知之甚少。在这里，我们使用状态空间和控制理论建模调查的因果信号机制的成熟自愿控制眼跳。我们证明，在一个典型的眼跳网络定向因果相互作用经历了显着的成熟之间的童年和成年。最重要的是，我们发现，在儿童控制扫视过程中，额叶眼场（FEF）是一个不成熟的因果信号中枢。使用控制理论分析，然后，我们证明，扫视网络是可控的儿童和更大的能量需要驱动FEF动态儿童相比，成人。我们的研究结果提供了新的证据，加强因果信号枢纽和FEF的可控性是与年龄相关的计划和执行自愿控制扫视能力改善的关键机制。
The ability to adaptively respond to behaviorally relevant cues in the environment, including voluntary control of automatic but inappropriate responses and deployment of a goal-relevant alternative response, undergoes significant maturation from childhood to adulthood. Importantly, the maturation of voluntary control processes influences the developmental trajectories of several key cognitive domains, including executive function and emotion regulation. Understanding the maturation of voluntary control is therefore of fundamental importance, but little is known about the underlying causal functional circuit mechanisms. Here, we use state-space and control-theoretic modeling to investigate the maturation of causal signaling mechanisms underlying voluntary control over saccades. We demonstrate that directed causal interactions in a canonical saccade network undergo significant maturation between childhood and adulthood. Crucially, we show that the frontal eye field (FEF) is an immature causal signaling hub in children during control over saccades. Using control-theoretic analysis, we then demonstrate that the saccade network is less controllable in children and that greater energy is required to drive FEF dynamics in children compared to adults. Our findings provide novel evidence that strengthening of causal signaling hubs and controllability of FEF are key mechanisms underlying age-related improvements in the ability to plan and execute voluntary control over saccades.