GOOD HEALTH AND THE BRIDGING OF STRUCTURAL HOLES.
GOOD HEALTH AND THE BRIDGING OF STRUCTURAL HOLES.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socnet.2008.10.005
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发表时间：
2009-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Cornwell, Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cornwell, Benjamin
跨越结构空洞的桥梁通常被解释为经纪人的企业家个性或理性动机，或导致社会焦点交叉的结构过程。我认为，人际网络中桥梁的存在和使用也取决于个人的健康状况。健康状况不佳可能使其更难以承受压力并执行与桥接相关的一些常见任务（例如，经纪）。我研究这种可能性使用自我中心的网络数据超过2,500老年人从最近的国家社会生活，健康和老龄化项目（NSHAP）。多元回归分析表明，认知和功能健康显着正相关的桥接，净社会人口和生命历程的控制。功能（动觉）健康与桥接之间的关系似乎部分由网络组成介导，因为功能健康较差的老年人也往往拥有更丰富的网络。几个潜在的调解机制进行了讨论。认知功能仍然与网络组成的桥接网络显着相关，这表明对于那些有认知障碍的人来说，维持桥接位置的固有挑战可能比那些有功能障碍的人更难科普，如移动性有限。另一种解释是，认知受损的人更难识别（从而策略性地使用）他们网络中的桥梁。理论意义和未来研究的可能性进行了讨论。
Bridges that span structural holes are often explained in terms of the entrepreneurial personalities or rational motivations of brokers, or structural processes that lead to the intersection of social foci. I argue that the existence and use of bridges in interpersonal networks also depends on individuals’ health. Poor health may make it more difficult to withstand the pressures and to execute some of the common tasks associated with bridging (e.g., brokerage). I examine this possibility using egocentric network data on over 2,500 older adults drawn from the recent National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). Multivariate regression analyses show that both cognitive and functional health are significantly positively associated with bridging, net of sociodemographic and life-course controls. The relationship between functional (kinesthetic) health and bridging appears to be partially mediated by network composition, as older adults who have poorer functional health also tend to have networks that are richer in strong ties. Several potential mediation mechanisms are discussed. Cognitive function remains significantly associated with bridging net of network composition, suggesting that the inherent challenges of maintaining bridging positions may be more difficult to cope with for those who have cognitive impairments than for those who have functional impairments such as limited mobility. An alternative explanation is that cognitively impaired individuals have more difficulty recognizing (and thus strategically using) bridges in their networks. Theoretical implications and possibilities for future research are discussed.
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