Basal ganglia and cerebellar interconnectivity within the human thalamus.
Basal ganglia and cerebellar interconnectivity within the human thalamus.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00429-016-1223-z
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Tittgemeyer M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pelzer EA;Melzer C;Timmermann L;von Cramon DY;Tittgemeyer M
基底神经节和小脑是一个紧密相连的网络的一部分。虽然这两种皮层下结构的信息处理基本上是隔离的环路，主要在新皮层中相互作用，直接的皮层下相互作用最近已被证实的神经解剖学研究使用病毒transneuronal示踪剂在非人类灵长类动物的大脑。丘脑被认为是这两个投射系统的主要中继站。然而，我们的理解皮质下基底神经节和小脑的互连在人类丘脑是相当稀疏，主要是由于在体内跟踪收购的限制。因此，我们努力描述这两个系统的预测和他们的潜在重叠在人类丘脑扩散MRI和纤维束成像。我们的分析显示，在以下区域，苍白球-丘脑连接的前后梯度逐渐减小：（1）丘脑腹前区，（2）板内核，（3）中线区。相反，我们发现齿状核-丘脑投射的后-前梯度主要在：（1）腹外侧核和后核;（2）板内核和束旁下核的背侧部分;（3）中腹侧核和外侧中背核。在板内核和中线区域，连接模式有相当大的重叠。值得注意的是，苍白球和小脑的投射都半球偏侧到左侧丘脑。虽然与非人灵长类动物的transneuronal研究结果以及先前存在的发育表达标记物或病理人类大脑的解剖学研究结果惊人一致，但我们的评估提供了独特的连接指纹，说明了基底神经节和小脑之间集成功能网络的解剖学基础。因此，我们的研究结果提供了有用的影响小脑的贡献，运动障碍的临床神经病学。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s 00429 -016-1223-z）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Basal ganglia and the cerebellum are part of a densely interconnected network. While both subcortical structures process information in basically segregated loops that primarily interact in the neocortex, direct subcortical interaction has been recently confirmed by neuroanatomical studies using viral transneuronal tracers in non-human primate brains. The thalamus is thought to be the main relay station of both projection systems. Yet, our understanding of subcortical basal ganglia and cerebellar interconnectivity within the human thalamus is rather sparse, primarily due to limitation in the acquisition of in vivo tracing. Consequently, we strive to characterize projections of both systems and their potential overlap within the human thalamus by diffusion MRI and tractography. Our analysis revealed a decreasing anterior-to-posterior gradient for pallido-thalamic connections in: (1) the ventral-anterior thalamus, (2) the intralaminar nuclei, and (3) midline regions. Conversely, we found a decreasing posterior-to-anterior gradient for dentato-thalamic projections predominantly in: (1) the ventral-lateral and posterior nucleus; (2) dorsal parts of the intralaminar nuclei and the subparafascicular nucleus, and (3) the medioventral and lateral mediodorsal nucleus. A considerable overlap of connectivity pattern was apparent in intralaminar nuclei and midline regions. Notably, pallidal and cerebellar projections were both hemispherically lateralized to the left thalamus. While strikingly consistent with findings from transneuronal studies in non-human primates as well as with pre-existing anatomical studies on developmentally expressed markers or pathological human brains, our assessment provides distinctive connectional fingerprints that illustrate the anatomical substrate of integrated functional networks between basal ganglia and the cerebellum. Thereby, our findings furnish useful implications for cerebellar contributions to the clinical symptomatology of movement disorders. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00429-016-1223-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.