Physical Architecture for a Universal Topological Quantum Computer based on a Network of Majorana Nanowires
Physical Architecture for a Universal Topological Quantum Computer based on a Network of Majorana Nanowires
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基于马约拉纳纳米线网络的通用拓扑量子计算机的物理架构
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
J. Sau
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作者：
M. Barkeshli;J. Sau
拓扑量子计算（TQC）的思想是利用物质的拓扑有序相的物理特性，以内在容错的方式存储和操纵量子信息。目前，最有前途的拓扑量子比特平台之一是自旋轨道耦合超导纳米线中的马约拉纳费米子零模（MZM）。然而，拓扑鲁棒的操作，可能与MZM可以有效地模拟在一个经典的计算机上，因此不足以实现一个通用的门设置TQC。在这里，我们表明，一个阵列的耦合超导体纳米线与MZM边缘状态可以用来实现一个更复杂的类型的非阿贝尔缺陷：基因在伊辛$\次$伊辛拓扑状态。这导致了一个可能的实施失踪的拓扑保护$\pi/8$相位门，从而通用TQC的超导体纳米线技术的基础上。我们提供了详细的数值估计的相关能源规模，我们表明，位于可访问的范围内。
The idea of topological quantum computation (TQC) is to store and manipulate quantum information in an intrinsically fault-tolerant manner by utilizing the physics of topologically ordered phases of matter. Currently, one of the most promising platforms for a topological qubit is in terms of Majorana fermion zero modes (MZMs) in spin-orbit coupled superconducting nanowires. However, the topologically robust operations that are possible with MZMs can be efficiently simulated on a classical computer and are therefore not sufficient for realizing a universal gate set for TQC. Here, we show that an array of coupled semiconductor-superconductor nanowires with MZM edge states can be used to realize a more sophisticated type of non-Abelian defect: a genon in an Ising $\times$ Ising topological state. This leads to a possible implementation of the missing topologically protected $\pi/8$ phase gate and thus universal TQC based on semiconductor-superconductor nanowire technology. We provide detailed numerical estimates of the relevant energy scales, which we show to lie within accessible ranges.