A few more hypotheses for the evolution of dioecy in figs (Ficus, Moraceae)
A few more hypotheses for the evolution of dioecy in figs (Ficus, Moraceae)
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.11829.x
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Yamamura, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrison, RD;Yamamura, N
无花果（无花果属、桑科）有两种繁殖系统：雌雄同株是祖先的条件，但750多种物种中大约有一半是功能性雌雄异株的。对于无花果中的异花传粉者的进化提出了三种假设，即季节性（Koberberg et al. 1987）、非传粉黄蜂物种的减少（Kerdelhue and Rasplus 1996）和传粉者种群在小群树木中的持久性（Kameyama et al. 1999）。然而，这些想法有两个主要问题。首先，diocalyptus可能只进化了两次（魏布伦2000），这严重限制了我们在替代假设之间进行测试的能力。第二，提出从单子叶植物进化出二萜类的方法是非常简单的（Charnov 1982）。为了说明这个问题，并扩大我们对功能雌雄异株无花果的理解的一些最新进展，我们提出了一些假设。
In figs (Ficus, Moraceae) there are two breeding systems: monoecy is the ancestral condition but approximately half the 750 odd species are functionally dioecious. Three hypotheses have been proposed for the evolution of dioecy in figs, invoking seasonality (Kjellberg et al. 1987), the reduction of non-pollinating wasp species (Kerdelhue and Rasplus 1996), and the persistence of pollinator populations within small groups of trees (Kameyama et al. 1999). However, there are two major problems with these ideas. Firstly, dioecy has probably evolved only twice (Weiblen 2000), which severely limits our ability to test between alternative hypotheses. Secondly, it is very simple to suggest ways in which dioecy can evolve from monoecy (Charnov 1982). To illustrate this problem, and enlarge on some recent progress in our understanding of functionally dioecious figs, we are proposing a few more hypotheses.