Weekend effects on binge drinking and homicide: the social connection between alcohol and violence in Russia
Weekend effects on binge drinking and homicide: the social connection between alcohol and violence in Russia
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00762.x
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Pridemore, WA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pridemore, WA
目的和设计本研究采用独特的新近俄罗斯死亡率数据来研究该国酗酒与凶杀之间的社会联系。 背景、参与者和测量 根据 1994-98 年的死亡日期和死因，对俄罗斯乌德穆尔特共和国 20-64 岁人群的所有死亡证明进行了分析。酒精中毒死亡人数被用作酗酒的替代指标。调查结果 酒精死亡人数和凶杀人数的每日分布之间存在高度双变量相关性 (r = 0.75)。周六和周日的酒精死亡人数明显较高（推测是由于周五和周六晚上饮酒所致），而周五和周六的凶杀死亡人数也明显较高。 结论 俄罗斯的饮酒量和凶杀率属于世界最高水平之一，并且越来越多的证据表明两者之间存在关联。酗酒、对蒸馏酒的偏爱以及对酗酒的高度社会容忍度可能是社会和文化背景因素，可能增加暴力结果的风险。每日酒精分布与他杀死亡之间的高度对应关系为它们之间的社会联系提供了间接证据。虽然这些发现并不代表因果关系，但当将其置于有关该主题的越来越多的文献的背景下时，它们进一步支持了俄罗斯饮酒与凶杀率之间的关联，并提供了社会背景在这种关系中发挥中介作用的初步证据。
Aims and design This study employs unique newly available Russian mortality data to examine the social connection between binge drinking and homicide in the country.Setting, participants and measurements All death certificates of those aged 20-64 years in the Udmurt Republic, Russia, were analyzed according to day and cause of death for the years 1994-98. Deaths due to alcohol poisoning were used as a proxy for binge drinking.Findings There was a high bivariate correlation (r = 0.75) between the daily distribution of deaths due to alcohol and homicide. The number of alcohol deaths was significantly higher on Saturdays and Sundays (presumably as a result of drinking on Friday and Saturday nights) and the number of homicide deaths was significantly higher on Fridays and Saturdays.Conclusions The levels of alcohol consumption and homicide in Russia are among the highest in the world, and there is mounting evidence that the two are related. Binge drinking, preference for distilled spirits and a high social tolerance for heavy drinking may act as social and cultural contextual factors that might increase the risk of violent outcomes. The high correspondence between the daily distribution of alcohol and homicide deaths provides indirect evidence for the social connection between them. While these findings do not represent a causal connection, when placed in the context of the growing literature on this topic they provide further support of an association between alcohol consumption and homicide rates in Russia and preliminary evidence for the intermediate role in this relationship played by social context.