Is Low Therapist Empathy Toxic?
Is Low Therapist Empathy Toxic?
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DOI：
10.1037/a0030274
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Miller, William R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moyers, Theresa B.;Miller, William R.
客户结果的最大决定因素之一是提供治疗的咨询师。即使在提供标准化的手册指导治疗时，治疗师的有效性也常常相差很大。特别是，卡尔·罗杰斯（Carl Rogers）最初描述的准确共情的治疗技能，已被发现在治疗联盟和成瘾治疗结果中占很大比例的差异。无论理论取向如何，高同理心的咨询师似乎都有更高的成功率。相比之下，低同理心和对抗性咨询与较高的退出率和复发率、较弱的治疗联盟和较少的客户改变有关。作者建议将移情倾听技巧作为一种基于证据的实践，在咨询师的招聘和培训中加以强调，以改善成瘾治疗的结果并防止伤害。
One of the largest determinants of client outcomes is the counselor who provides treatment. Therapists often vary widely in effectiveness, even when delivering standardized manual-guided treatment. In particular, the therapeutic skill of accurate empathy originally described by Carl Rogers has been found to account for a meaningful proportion of variance in therapeutic alliance and in addiction treatment outcomes. High-empathy counselors appear to have higher success rates regardless of theoretical orientation. Low-empathy and confrontational counseling, in contrast, has been associated with higher drop-out and relapse rates, weaker therapeutic alliance, and less client change. The authors propose emphasis on empathic listening skills as an evidence-based practice in the hiring and training of counselors to improve outcomes and prevent harm in addiction treatment.