Effects of signaled retention intervals on pigeon short-term memory
Effects of signaled retention intervals on pigeon short-term memory
复制标题
信号保留间隔对鸽子短期记忆的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Nevin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Wasserman;James Grosch;J. Nevin
在三个延迟匹配样本的实验中，鸽子被给予不同的刺激，这些刺激与预定的保留时间间隔相关或不相关。实验1采用了一个单一的关键，去/不去匹配程序的颜色作为样本和测试刺激;线的不同方向的信号短或长的延迟为一组，而线和延迟是不相关的另一组。相关组的判别测试性能延迟长度的函数比不相关组的陡峭。此外，线方向刺激控制了相关组的样本反应的差异率，但不相关组。在实验2中，接受过相关线方向广泛训练的受试者在探测试验中暴露于反向线索。在短时间内，欺骗降低了辨别性测试反应，而在长时间内，欺骗增强了辨别性测试反应。与第一个实验的相关组一样，在“短”时间标签的存在下，样品重复检查的比率高于在“长”时间标签的存在下。实验三采用三键选择匹配程序和被试内设计，并在短延迟和长延迟条件下将强化率等同。当听觉刺激与延迟长度相关时，选择准确性与延迟相关的函数比刺激与延迟不相关时更陡。信号保持间隔对记忆性能的一致影响可以从对样本刺激的不同注意力方面来理解。
In three delayed matching-to-sample experiments, pigeons were given distinctive stimuli that were either correlated or uncorrelated with the scheduled retention intervals. Experiment 1 employed a single-key, go/no-go matching procedure with colors as the sample and test stimuli; lines of differing orientations signaled short or long delays for one group, whereas the lines and the delays were uncorrelated for the other group. The function relating discriminative test performance to delay length was steeper in the correlated group than in the uncorrelated group. In addition, the line orientation stimuli controlled differential rates of sample responding in the correlated group, but not in the uncorrelated group. In Experiment 2, subjects extensively trained with correlated line orientations were exposed to reversed cues on probe trials. Miscuing decreased discriminative test responding at the short delay, but enhanced it at the long delay. As in the correlated group of the first experiment, rates of sample keypecking were higher in the presence of the “short” time tag than in the presence of the ”long” time tag. Experiment 3 used a three-key choice-matching procedure and a within-subjects design, and equated reinforcement rate at the short and long delays. When auditory stimuli were correlated with delay length, the function relating choice accuracy to delay was steeper than when the stimuli and the delays were uncorrelated. The consistent effects of signaled retention intervals on memory performance may be understood in terms of differential attention to the sample stimuli.