Sturgeon aquaculture in China: status of current difficulties as well as future strategies based on 2002-2006/2007 surveys in eleven provinces.
Sturgeon aquaculture in China: status of current difficulties as well as future strategies based on 2002-2006/2007 surveys in eleven provinces.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01366.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-12
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
By R. Li;Y. Zou;Q. Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
By R. Li;Y. Zou;Q. Wei
2007年7月和8月在全国范围内对2002-2006/2007年中华鲟养殖场的代表性样本进行了调查，包括以往调查数据和1998年以来的官方统计数据，结果表明中国中华鲟养殖业在过去几年中稳步发展。巴氏鲟和阿穆尔河鲟的杂交品种（施伦氏鲟×达乌尔鲟）已成为优势养殖品种，占总产量的80%。生产中心从东南沿海转移到冷淡水资源丰富的中西部内陆省份。本文介绍了各省的生产趋势以及商品鱼/肉和幼鱼的价格结构，并考虑了产品、受精卵和鱼种的进出口数据。结果表明：(1)调查期间，孵化场的幼鱼产量仅略有上升；（ii）从野外取得的幼虫数目每年逐渐减少；（iii）商业鱼/肉的价格在一九九八年至二零零二年期间大幅下跌，但在二零零二年至二零零七年期间保持稳定；（iv）从2002年到2007年，83个被调查农场的总产量几乎稳定。确定了影响鲟鱼水产养殖可持续发展的主要问题，包括：(i)国内幼虫供应不足和禁止将中华鲟用于商业用途；（ii）无序杂交；(3)对长江自然种群遗传的潜在威胁；（四）环境污染和劣质鱼饲料引起的疾病；（五）国内市场有限；（六）由于缺乏精深加工，鲟鱼出口量低；（七）行业组织结构不健全。
Summary A nationwide survey in July and August 2007 employed a representative sample of Chinese sturgeon farms from 2002–2006/2007, including data from previous surveys and official statistics dating back to 1998, showing that the development of China’s sturgeon aquaculture has progressed steadily in the past few years. Acipenser baerii and Amur hybrids (Acipenser schrenckii × Huso dauricus) have become the dominant cultured species, accounting for 80% of total production. Production centers moved from the southeastern coast towards the midwestern inland provinces, where cold freshwater resources are available in abundance. The paper presents production trends as well as the price structure for commercial fish/meat and juveniles in the various provinces and also considers import and export data for products, fertilized eggs and fingerlings. Results show that: (i) production of juveniles in hatcheries has risen only slightly during the survey period; (ii) the number of larvae obtained from the wild gradually declines each year; (iii) the price for commercial fish/meat drastically declined between 1998 to 2002, but remained stable from 2002 to 2007; and (iv) total production from the 83 surveyed farms was almost stable from 2002 to 2007. Major problems influencing sustainable development of sturgeon aquaculture were identified, including: (i) insufficient domestic supply of larvae and the ban for commercial use of A. sinensis; (ii) disorganized hybridization; (iii) the potential threat to the genetics of natural stocks in the Yangtze River; (iv) diseases originating from environmental pollution and poor-quality fish feed; (v) limited domestic markets; (vi) low volume of sturgeon export due to lack of intensive processing; and (vii) lack of organizational structure in the industry.