Counterfactual Thinking Facilitates Behavioral Intentions.
Counterfactual Thinking Facilitates Behavioral Intentions.
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反事实思维促进行为意图。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2009.03.002
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Roese,NealJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smallman,Rachel;Roese,NealJ
人们经常思考可能发生的事情，而这些反事实的推论与行为规范有关。反事实可以通过特定于内容的途径（通过行为意图的转变）和/或内容中性的途径（通过心态或动机）来提高性能。三个实验提供了新的内容特异性通路规范。序贯启动范式显示，相对于对照判断和无判断基线，反事实判断更容易帮助被试完成行为意图判断（实验1）。这种促进效应仅在与反事实信息内容相匹配的意图判断（实验2）和与关注相同信息内容的不同判断相对的意图判断（实验3）中被发现。这些发现阐明了反事实影响行为的特定于内容的途径。
People often ponder what might have been, and these counterfactual inferences have been linked to behavior regulation. Counterfactuals may enhance performance by either a content-specific pathway (via shift in behavioral intentions) and/or a content-neutral pathway (via mindsets or motivation). Three experiments provided new specification of the content-specific pathway. A sequential priming paradigm revealed that counterfactual judgments facilitated RTs to complete behavioral intention judgments relative to control judgments and to a no-judgment baseline (Experiment 1). This facilitation effect was found only for intention judgments that matched the information content of the counterfactual (Experiment 2) and only for intention judgments as opposed to a different judgment that nevertheless focused on the same information content (Experiment 3). These findings clarify the content-specific pathway by which counterfactuals influence behavior.