The Behavioral Immune System (and Why It Matters)
The Behavioral Immune System (and Why It Matters)
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DOI：
10.1177/0963721411402596
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Park, Justin H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schaller, Mark;Park, Justin H.
像许多其他动物一样，人类对传染性病原体进行行为防御。行为免疫系统由一套心理机制组成，这些机制（a）检测暗示周围环境中存在传染性病原体的线索，（B）触发疾病相关的情绪和认知反应，从而（c）促进行为避免病原体感染。然而，该系统对一组过于普遍的表面线索做出反应，这可能导致对不构成病原体感染实际威胁的事物（包括人）的厌恶反应。此外，该系统是灵活的，使得在感知者（或仅仅感知他们自己）更容易受到病原体感染的条件下发生更强烈的厌恶反应。最近的研究揭示了许多挑衅性的含义厌恶的经验，外向性和社会互动，仇外心理和其他偏见，以及文化差异的根源。
Like many other animals, human beings engage in behavioral defenses against infectious pathogens. The behavioral immune system consists of a suite of psychological mechanisms that (a) detect cues connoting the presence of infectious pathogens in the immediate environment, (b) trigger disease-relevant emotional and cognitive responses, and thus (c) facilitate behavioral avoidance of pathogen infection. However, the system responds to an overly general set of superficial cues, which can result in aversive responses to things (including people) that pose no actual threat of pathogen infection. In addition, the system is flexible, such that more strongly aversive responses occur under conditions in which perceivers are (or merely perceive themselves to be) more vulnerable to pathogen infection. Recent research reveals many provocative implications-for the experience of disgust, for extraversion and social interaction, for xenophobia and other prejudices, and for the origins of cultural differences.