The Extraordinary Equatorial Atlantic Warming in Late 2019
The Extraordinary Equatorial Atlantic Warming in Late 2019
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DOI：
10.1029/2021gl095918
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
I. Richter;H. Tokinaga;Y. Okumura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Richter;H. Tokinaga;Y. Okumura
赤道大西洋东部的海面温度（SST）在年际时间尺度上存在变化，但在过去20年中，这种变化相对较小。然而，在2019年底，卫星观测期间最温暖的事件发生了。分析表明，赤道西大西洋纬向风应力异常对海温暖异常的发展有一定的贡献。此外，赤道以北的风应力旋度异常产生向下流动的Rossby波，传播到西部边界，并被反射成向下流动的开尔文波，有助于预处理事件。尽管仍存在一些不确定性，但同期的印度洋偶极子和厄尔尼诺莫多基似乎都没有对大西洋变暖做出重大贡献。基于大尺度的多年代变率模式，变率增强的回归并不迫在眉睫，但仔细监测将是重要的。
Sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs) in the eastern equatorial Atlantic are subject to variability on interannual timescales but during the last 20 years, this variability has shown comparatively little activity. In late 2019, however, the warmest event in the satellite observation period developed. Analysis suggests that zonal wind stress anomalies in the western equatorial Atlantic contributed to the development of the warm SST anomalies. Furthermore, wind stress curl anomalies north of the equator generated downwelling Rossby waves that propagated to the western boundary and were reflected into downwelling Kelvin waves that helped to precondition the event. Neither the contemporaneous positive Indian Ocean Dipole nor the El Niño Modoki appears to have contributed substantially to the Atlantic warming, though some uncertainty remains. Based on large‐scale multidecadal variability patterns, a return to enhanced variability is not imminent but careful monitoring will be important.