Genetic affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a vanishing human population
Genetic affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a vanishing human population
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01336-2
复制
发表时间：
2003-01-21
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Hagelberg, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thangaraj, K;Singh, L;Hagelberg, E
背景：孟加拉湾的安达曼群岛居住着起源不明的狩猎采集者，现在濒临灭绝。安达曼人和其他亚洲的小个子民族，传统上被称为“黑人”，类似于非洲俾格米人。然而，人们普遍认为他们是东南亚早期澳大利亚-美拉尼西亚定居者的后裔，他们与一些非洲人的相似之处是由于适应了类似的环境，而不是共同的起源。我们分析了线粒体DNA（mtDNA）序列和RFLP多态性，以及Y染色体双等位基因标记和微卫星，在今天的安达曼人的Onge，Jarawa和大安达曼部落，以及邻近尼科巴群岛的居民。我们还分析了1906-1908年期间由民族志学家收集的安达曼人头发样本的mtDNA序列。生活安达曼表现出较低的遗传变异性，这是符合他们的小人口规模和生殖isolation.Conclusions：我们的数据表明，安达曼人有更密切的亲和力，亚洲比非洲人口，并建议他们的后裔旧石器时代早期殖民者的东南亚。与此相反，尼科巴人与今天广泛分布在亚洲的群体有遗传上的亲缘关系，可能是新石器时代农学家的后裔。
Background: The Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal are inhabited by hunter-gatherers of unknown origin, now on the verge of extinction. The Andamanese and other Asian small-statured peoples, traditionally known as "Negritos," resemble African pygmies. However, it is generally believed that they descend from the early Australo-Melanesian settlers of Southeast Asia and that their resemblance to some Africans is due to adaptation to a similar environment, rather than shared origins.Results: We analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences and RFLP polymorphisms, and Y chromosome biallelic markers and microsatellites, in present-day Andamanese of the Onge, Jarawa, and Great Andamanese tribes, and of inhabitants of the neighboring Nicobar Islands. We also analyzed mtDNA sequences from Andamanese hair samples collected by an ethnographer during 1906-1908. Living Andamanese exhibit low genetic variability that is consistent with their small population size and reproductive isolation.Conclusions: Our data indicate that the Andamanese have closer affinities to Asian than to African populations and suggest that they are the descendants of the early Palaeolithic colonizers of Southeast Asia. In contrast, the Nicobarese have genetic affinities to groups widely distributed throughout Asia today, presumably descended from Neolithic agriculturalists.