Intensified environmental surveillance supporting the response to wild poliovirus type 1 silent circulation in Israel, 2013
Intensified environmental surveillance supporting the response to wild poliovirus type 1 silent circulation in Israel, 2013
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DOI：
10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.7.20708
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发表时间：
2014-02-20
期刊：
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Mendelson, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manor, Y.;Shulman, L. M.;Mendelson, E.
2013年4月，在常规环境监测期间，在以色列南部的污水中发现了南亚（SOAS）谱系的1型野生脊髓灰质炎病毒（WPV1），引发了紧急应对。公共卫生风险评估要求加强环境监测，以便在全国范围内监测WPV1-SOAS的传播情况。这包括增加采样频率和扩大地理区域，以更好地覆盖有风险的人口，以及修改污水检测算法，以适应新开发的wpv1 - soas特异性定量实时RT-PCR测定，用于筛选直接从污水浓缩物中提取的RNA，以及标准的病毒分离。2013年2月1日至8月31日期间在以色列全国74个地点加强的监测表明，来自南部地区6个贝都因人定居点和2个犹太人和阿拉伯人居住的城市的污水样本中wp01 - soas病毒载量持续很高。在以色列中部和北部五个卫生区中的三个区，代表14个混合社区的采样点记录了较低的病毒载量和间歇性检测。在无脊髓灰质炎国家，环境监测在常规监测野生脊灰病毒传播方面发挥着根本作用。针对流行菌株的快速检测促进了加强监测的实施，并为公共卫生应对和决策提供了信息。
An emergency response was triggered by recovery of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) of the South Asia (SOAS) lineage from sewage in southern Israel in April 2013 during routine environmental surveillance. Public health risk assessment necessitated intensification of environmental surveillance in order to facilitate countrywide monitoring of WPV1-SOAS circulation. This involved increasing sampling frequency and broadening the geographical area, for better coverage of the population at risk, as well as modifying sewage testing algorithms to accommodate a newly developed WPV1-SOAS-specific quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay for screening of RNA extracted directly from sewage concentrates, in addition to standard virus isolation. Intensified surveillance in 74 sites across Israel between 1 February and 31 August 2013 documented a sustained high viral load of WPV1-SOAS in sewage samples from six Bedouin settlements and two cities with Jewish and Arab populations in the South district. Lower viral loads and intermittent detection were documented in sampling sites representing 14 mixed communities in three of the five health districts in central and northern Israel. Environmental surveillance plays a fundamental role in routine monitoring of WPV circulation in polio-free countries. The rapid assay specific for the circulating strain facilitated implementation of intensified surveillance and informed the public health response and decision-making.