Identification and quantification of electronic cigarette exhaled aerosol residue chemicals in field sites
Identification and quantification of electronic cigarette exhaled aerosol residue chemicals in field sites
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.027
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Talbot, Prue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Khachatoorian, Careen;Jacob, Peyton, III;Talbot, Prue
背景：电子烟（EC）使用者可能呼出大量的气溶胶云，这些云可以沉降在室内表面形成ECEAR （EC呼出的气溶胶残留物）。人们对这些残留物的化学成分和积累知之甚少。目的：我们的目标是确定和量化两个现场的ECEAR化学品：一个EC用户的客厅和一个多用户EC电子烟商店。方法：我们检查了放置在现场的常用材料（棉、涤纶或毛巾布毛巾）中ECEAR的积累情况。材料经受不同长度的曝光。利用分析化学技术对未暴露对照和现场样品中的尼古丁、尼古丁生物碱和烟草特异性亚硝胺（TSNAs）进行鉴定和定量。结果：在电子烟使用者客厅内的物品中检测到尼古丁和尼古丁生物碱。在最初的5个月里，ECEAR化学物质的浓度保持相对稳定，这表明房间里的空气流动对化学物质的去除接近稳定状态。暴露在电子烟店6小时后，在店内的材料中检测到ECEAR化学物质，并且在一个月内水平持续上升。1个月后，电子烟商店里的尼古丁含量比电子烟使用者客厅里的尼古丁含量高60倍。电子烟店不同地点的ECEAR化学物质浓度不同。对照织物要么没有检测到化学品，要么化学品浓度很低。结论：在这两个现场，呼出的EC气溶胶中的化学物质沉积在室内表面，并随着时间的推移积累形成ECEAR。不吸烟者、电子烟使用者和电子烟商店的员工应该意识到这种潜在的环境危害。
Background: Electronic cigarette (EC) users may exhale large clouds of aerosol that can settle on indoor surfaces forming ECEAR (EC exhaled aerosol residue). Little is known about the chemical composition or buildup of this residue.Objective: Our objective was to identify and quantify ECEAR chemicals in two field sites: an EC user's living room and a multi-user EC vape shop.Methods: We examined the buildup of ECEAR in commonly used materials (cotton, polyester, or terrycloth towel) placed inside the field sites. Materials were subjected to different lengths of exposure. Nicotine, nicotine alkaloids, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) were identified and quantified in unexposed controls and field site samples using analytical chemical techniques.Results: Nicotine and nicotine alkaloids were detected in materials inside the EC user's living room. Concentrations of ECEAR chemicals remained relatively constant over the first 5 months, suggesting some removal of the chemicals by air flow in the room approximating a steady state. ECEAR chemicals were detected in materials inside the vape shop after 6 h of exposure and levels continually increased over a month. By 1 month, the nicotine in the vape shop was 60 times higher than in the EC user's living room. ECEAR chemical concentrations varied in different locations in the vape shop. Control fabrics had either no detectable or very low concentrations of chemicals.Conclusions: In both field sites, chemicals from exhaled EC aerosols were deposited on indoor surfaces and accumulated over time forming ECEAR. Non-smokers, EC users, and employees of vape shops should be aware of this potential environmental hazard.