Use of mires and food habits of sika deer in the Oze Area, central Japan
Use of mires and food habits of sika deer in the Oze Area, central Japan
复制标题
日本中部尾濑地区梅花鹿的泥沼利用及食性
DOI：
10.1046/j.1440-1703.2003.00558.x
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
S. Takatsuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Takatsuki
梅花鹿 Cervus nippon 于 20 世纪 90 年代进入日本中部雪区尾濑地区。 1999年和2000年对沼泽的利用和该物种的食物习性进行了研究。鹿在雪融化后立即使用沼泽，在仲夏时不使用沼泽，尽管它们在秋季会少量使用沼泽。夏季的饮食习惯与生活在日光低地地区的鹿群不同：前者的粪便中非笹禾本科植物和其他单子叶植物的叶子占据了更多（约30％），而后者的主要食物是矮竹笹（Sasa nipponica）（60％）。尾濑鹿粪便成分的季节性变化是，春季（11.6%）和夏季（17.0%）泥禾草占其食物的相当一部分，而秋季（26.0%）矮竹的数量增加。尽管沼泽面积很小，但尾濑鹿似乎更喜欢沼泽而不是森林。沼泽植物的氮浓度与森林植物没有差异；然而，在泥沼中觅食的效率会更高，这可以解释所观察到的偏好。尽管总生物量很小，但泥沼的叶子生物量与邻近森林地面的生物量相当。此外，生物量集中在地面附近，或者说“生物量浓度”大于森林地面的生物量。
Sika deer Cervus nippon entered the Oze Area, a snowy area in central Japan, in the 1990s. The use of mires and the food habits of this species were studied in 1999 and 2000. Deer used the mires immediately after snow melted and did not use the mires in mid summer, although they did use them lightly in autumn. The summer food habits differed from those of the deer population living in Nikko in the lower area: non-Sasa graminoids and other monocotyledonous leaves occupied more (approximately 30%) of the feces in the former population, whereas Sasa nipponica, a dwarf bamboo, was the dominant food (60%) of the latter population. Seasonal changes in fecal composition in the Oze deer were that mire graminoids occupied a considerable portion of their food in spring (11.6%) and summer (17.0%), whereas the amount of dwarf bamboo increased in fall (26.0%). Despite the small size of the mires, Oze deer appear to prefer mires to forests. Nitrogen concentrations of the mire plants did not differ from those of the forest plants; however, foraging efficiency would be greater in the mires and this may explain the preference observed. Despite the small total biomass, leaf biomass of the mire was equivalent to that of the adjacent forest floor. In addition, biomass was concentrated near the ground, or the ‘biomass concentration’ was greater than that of the forest floor.