Why are African Americans under-represented in medical research studies? Impediments to participation.

Why are African Americans under-represented in medical research studies? Impediments to participation.
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为什么非裔美国人在医学研究中的代表性不足?

DOI:
10.1080/13557858.1997.9961813
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发表时间:
1997
期刊:
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
J. Torner
J. Torner
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vickie L. Shavers‐Hornaday;Charles F. Lynch;L. Burmeister;J. Torner

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目标 根据1993年《国家卫生研究院振兴法》,国家卫生研究院和酒精、毒品和精神卫生管理局要求赠款申请人和合作协议参与者将少数民族纳入人类主题研究。在研究经费日益减少的环境下,这项任务增加了调查人员的压力,他们必须确定阻碍少数群体参与的因素,并制定克服这些障碍的战略。 方法 对文献进行了广泛的回顾,以确定可能导致非裔美国人参与医学研究水平低的因素,并强调进一步研究的领域。检查的项目包括非裔美国人和医学研究人员之间的历史关系,以及潜在参与者和研究人员的态度,看法和信念,因为它们涉及到非裔美国人在医学研究中的低代表性。 结果 被确定为可能阻碍非裔美国人参与的因素包括对医学/科学界的不信任,难以获得初级医疗保健,研究人员未能积极招募非裔美国人,少数民族卫生专业人员的疏远,缺乏对临床试验的了解,语言和文化障碍。 结论 精心设计的,相关的,符合伦理的研究,以及对参与的许多障碍的认识,对于增加非裔美国人在临床研究中的存在至关重要。
OBJECTIVES In accordance with the NIH Revitalization Act of 1993, the National Institutes of Health and the Alcohol, Drug and Mental Health Administration require grant applicants and cooperative agreement participants to include minorities in human subject research. In an environment characterized by diminishing research dollars, this mandate has increased the pressure on investigators to determine factors that impede minority participation and to develop strategies to overcome these impediments. METHODS An extensive review of the literature was conducted to identify the factors possibly responsible for the low participation levels of African Americans in medical research studies and to highlight areas for further research. The items examined included the historical relationship between African Americans and medical researchers and the attitudes, perceptions and beliefs of potential participants and researchers as they relate to the low representation of African Americans in medical research. RESULTS The factors identified as possible impediments to African American participation included distrust of the medical/scientific community, poor access to primary medical care, the failure of researchers to recruit African Americans actively, the alienation of minority health professionals, lack of knowledge about clinical trials, language and cultural barriers. CONCLUSIONS Well-designed, relevant, ethical research in conjunction with an appreciation of the many barriers to participation are paramount to increasing African American presence in clinical research.
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