International Importations of Measles Virus into the United States During the Postelimination Era, 2001-2016
International Importations of Measles Virus into the United States During the Postelimination Era, 2001-2016
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiy701
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发表时间：
2019-05-15
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Gastanaduy, Paul A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Adria D.;Clemmons, Nakia S.;Gastanaduy, Paul A.
背景尽管美国于2000年宣布消除麻疹，但麻疹病例和疫情仍在继续发生，这是由于麻疹从其仍然流行的国家输入所致。我们描述了麻疹病毒在后消除时代国际输入到美国的流行病学。从2001年到2016年，向疾病控制和预防中心报告了553例输入性麻疹病例。平均每年发生28例输入（范围：18 - 80）。输入性病例患者的中位年龄为18岁（范围：3个月至75岁）; 87%未接种疫苗或疫苗接种状况不明。美国居民（而不是外国游客）占进口麻疹病例的62%。总体而言，62%的输入性病例患者报告在接触期间曾前往西太平洋和世界卫生组织欧洲区域的国家。从特定国家输入的麻疹病例数与麻疹发病率和往返来源国的旅行量有关。我们的研究结果强调了根据免疫实践咨询委员会的建议，在国际旅行前年龄≥ 6个月的美国居民接种麻疹疫苗的重要性，并支持全球消除麻疹的努力。
Background. Although measles was declared eliminated from the United States in 2000, measles cases and outbreaks continue to occur, resulting from importations of the disease from countries where it remains endemic.Methods. We describe the epidemiology of international importations of measles virus into the United States during the postelimination era.Results. From 2001 to 2016, 553 imported measles cases were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A median of 28 importations occurred each year (range: 18-80). The median age of imported case-patients was 18 years (range: 3 months-75 years); 87% were unvaccinated or had an unknown vaccination status. US residents (as opposed to foreign visitors) accounted for 62% of imported measles cases. Overall, 62% of all imported case-patients reported travel to countries in the Western Pacific and European Regions of the World Health Organization during their exposure periods. The number of measles importations from specific countries was related to the incidence of measles in and the volume of travel to and from the source country.Conclusions. Our findings emphasize the importance of measles vaccination of US residents aged >= 6 months before international travel according to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations and supporting global measles elimination efforts.