Active x-ray optics for Generation-X: the next high resolution x-ray observatory
Active x-ray optics for Generation-X: the next high resolution x-ray observatory
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X 世代主动 X 射线光学器件：下一代高分辨率 X 射线天文台
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Wolk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Elvis;R. Brissenden;G. Fabbiano;D. Schwartz;P. Reid;W. Podgorski;M. Eisenhower;M. Juda;J. Phillips;L. Cohen;S. Wolk
X射线提供了为数不多的波段之一，通过它我们可以研究再电离的时代，当第一个星系，黑洞和恒星诞生时。为了达到对宇宙中这些第一批离散物体成像所需的灵敏度，X射线光学需要取得重大进展。X世代（Gen-X）是目前唯一一个实现这一目标的X射线天文学使命概念。Gen-X的目标是大幅提高钱德拉角分辨率，并以更大的有效面积实现这一目标。这两个目标只有在能够开发出一种反射镜技术的情况下才能实现，该技术能够以比钱德拉光学系统低得多的质量/单位面积产生高的角分辨率，与星座-X（Con-X）相匹配。我们描述了一种基于主动X射线光学系统的方法来实现这一目标，该方法可以校正轨道上理想Wolter光学系统的中频偏差。我们集中在传感器的数字错误，计算所需的校正，并应用这些校正的问题。进行飞行中校准所需的时间是合理的。这些光学元件的实验室版本已经由其他人开发，并成功地在同步加速器光源下运行。只需对这些光学器件进行适度投资，就可以实现Gen-X分辨率的目标。
X-rays provide one of the few bands through which we can study the epoch of reionization, when the first galaxies, black holes and stars were born. To reach the sensitivity required to image these first discrete objects in the universe needs a major advance in X-ray optics. Generation-X (Gen-X) is currently the only X-ray astronomy mission concept that addresses this goal. Gen-X aims to improve substantially on the Chandra angular resolution and to do so with substantially larger effective area. These two goals can only be met if a mirror technology can be developed that yields high angular resolution at much lower mass/unit area than the Chandra optics, matching that of Constellation-X (Con-X). We describe an approach to this goal based on active X-ray optics that correct the mid-frequency departures from an ideal Wolter optic on-orbit. We concentrate on the problems of sensing figure errors, calculating the corrections required, and applying those corrections. The time needed to make this in-flight calibration is reasonable. A laboratory version of these optics has already been developed by others and is successfully operating at synchrotron light sources. With only a moderate investment in these optics the goals of Gen-X resolution can be realized.