Entry to Sex Trade and Long-Term Vulnerabilities of Female Sex Workers Who Enter the Sex Trade Before the Age of Eighteen
Entry to Sex Trade and Long-Term Vulnerabilities of Female Sex Workers Who Enter the Sex Trade Before the Age of Eighteen
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-019-00410-z
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发表时间：
2020-02-07
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Sherman, Susan G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Footer, Katherine H. A.;White, Rebecca Hamilton;Sherman, Susan G.
女性性工作者在结构上属于弱势群体，包括无法获得食物和住所等严重的不安全感。在未成年人进入性工作的人群中，这种风险可能会增加。然而，人们对未成年人从事性工作的原因和长期的结构性风险影响知之甚少。在这里，我们调查了在美国马里兰州巴尔的摩市从事街头性工作的250名顺性女性，调查了18岁之前从事性交易对女性结构性脆弱性的原因和长期影响。我们使用逻辑回归来探讨年龄对两种结构性脆弱性结果（无家可归和最近3个月的粮食不安全）的影响。总体而言，73%的女性进入性交易是为了获得毒品，36%的女性进入性交易是为了获得食物或住房等基本必需品，17%的女性进入性交易是为了养家糊口。值得注意的是，在18岁以下的人群中，有21%的人报告被胁迫、威胁、施压、误导、欺骗或强迫进行性交易，而在年龄较大的人群中，这一比例为5% （p值< 0.001）。在调整后的分析中，18岁之前发生性交易的女性最近无家可归的几率增加了4.54倍（95%可信区间1.92-10.70），最近粮食不安全的几率增加了3.14倍（95%可信区间1.42-6.94）。未成年人进入的人群HIV阳性的可能性也更高（11.3% vs 3.6%， p值= 0.02）。这项研究强调，与18岁以上的人相比，年轻时进行性交易的人经历了持续累积的脆弱性。这些发现需要进一步的研究，以更详细地了解年轻女性进入性交易的过程和轨迹。需要重视政策改革和结构性干预的重要性，以直接减轻青年人的社会经济劣势。
Female sex workers are a structurally vulnerable population, including critical insecurity such as having access to food and shelter. This risk may be heightened among individuals who enter sex work as minors. However, the reasons for entering sex work as a minor and the long-term structural risk implications are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the reasons for and long-term impact of trading sex before the age of eighteen on women's structural vulnerability among a cohort of 250 cisgender women involved in street-based sex work in Baltimore City, Maryland, USA. We used logistic regression to explore the role of age of entry on two structural vulnerability outcomes of interest (homelessness and recent food insecurity in the past 3 months). Overall, 73% of women entered the sex trade to get drugs, 36% of women entered to get basic necessities such as food or housing, and 17% of women entered to support their children or family. Of significance, 21% of those aged < 18 years at entry reported being either coerced, threatened, pressured, misled, tricked, or physically forced into trading sex compared to 5% in those who entered at an older age group (p value < 0.001). In adjusted analysis, women who first trade sex before the age of 18 had 4.54 increased odds of experiencing recent homelessness (95% CI 1.92-10.70) and had 3.14 times increased odds of experiencing recent food insecurity (95% CI 1.42-6.94). Those who entered as minors were also more likely to be HIV positive (11.3% vs 3.6%, p value = 0.02). This study highlights that those who trade sex at a younger age experience an ongoing cumulative vulnerability in comparison to those entering over the age of 18. These findings call for additional research into a more detailed understanding of young women's entry into the sex trade and trajectory. A focus on the importance of policy changes and structural interventions that directly alleviate young people's socio-economic disadvantage is needed.