Nutrition, somatomedins, and the brain.
Nutrition, somatomedins, and the brain.
复制标题
营养、生长激素和大脑。
DOI：
10.1016/0026-0495(86)90100-9
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Phillips,LS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Phillips,LS
营养供应减少(营养不良)和/或营养利用减少(糖尿病)的情况伴随着生长障碍，尽管循环中的生长激素(GH)水平增加。生长涉及生长素的作用，即循环中的胰岛素样多肽，对软骨、脂肪和肌肉产生合成代谢作用。在营养不良和糖尿病中，生长障碍的机制似乎包括生长激素诱导的生长原子素的生成减少，以及生长原子素抑制物的增加，这些因素拮抗生长原子素的作用。大脑对这些改变的调节涉及生长激素分泌的增加，这是由于生长原子素的负反馈减少，可能是通过生长原子素抑制剂的作用使反馈变钝而加剧的。这些过程结合在一起，导致代谢燃料分流到重要过程，远离生长(通过减少生长作用)，节省蛋白质，增加替代代谢燃料(通过对肌肉和脂肪的直接生长激素作用)。对下丘脑和垂体相关机制的进一步研究应该会对大脑在代谢动态平衡中的作用产生更多的见解。
Conditions of decreased nutrient supply (malnutrition) and/or decreased nutrient utilization (diabetes) are attended by impairment of growth despite an increase in circulating levels of growth hormone (GH). Growth involves the actions of somatomedins, circulating insulinlike polypeptides with anabolic effects on cartilage, fat, and muscle. In malnutrition and diabetes, mechanisms of growth impairment appear to include a decrease in GH-induced generation of somatomedins, together with an increase in somatomedin inhibitors, factors which antagonize somatomedin action. Brain mediation of these alterations involves a rise in GH secretion due to decreased negative feedback from somatomedins, perhaps accentuated by blunting of feedback via actions of somatomedin inhibitors. In combination these processes lead to shunting of metabolic fuels toward vital processes and away from growth (via decreased somatomedin action) and to protein-sparing and increase in alternate metabolic fuels (via direct GH actions on muscle and fat). Further study of involved hypothalamic and pituitary mechanisms should yield additional insights into the role of the brain in metabolic homeostasis.