Phenological shuffling of major marine phytoplankton groups over the last six decades
Phenological shuffling of major marine phytoplankton groups over the last six decades
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DOI：
10.1111/ddi.13028
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发表时间：
2020-02-19
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Hays, Graeme C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chivers, William J.;Edwards, Martin;Hays, Graeme C.
浮游植物构成了海洋食物网的基础，并负责全球约50%的光合作用。因此，改变它们的生态是很重要的：在这里，我们研究了海洋浮游植物丰度的季节性模式，其中45个分类群在59年内从温带纬度大约410，000 km的样线取样中收集。位置北海。方法对于我们的分析，我们使用了来自连续浮游生物记录仪（CPR）调查的浮游生物丰度数据，来自哈德利中心的海表面温度测量，英国气象局和风速数据从国际综合海洋-大气数据集，NOAA.Results我们发现了很大的差异，主要浮游植物群体之间的峰值丰度的时间变化。夏末开花的甲藻（n = 10类群）往往表现出很大的季节性进步，甲藻的高峰丰度的时间为39天，在这六十年。相比之下，硅藻（n = 35）没有显示出任何变化，作为一个群体，在他们的峰值丰度的时间序列。格兰杰因果关系检验表明，这些物候变化的主要驱动因素是海洋变暖，但更具体地说，春季气温上升的速度是最重要的因素。我们还发现有害藻华类群的高峰丰度的时间差异，一些显示高峰丰度较早，而另一些则较晚。主要结论从硅藻到甲藻的经典季节性进程发生了根本性的转变，这是温带海洋食物链的核心，因为经典的双峰硅藻和甲藻季节性高峰被侵蚀成更连续的季节性高峰，一个持续时间更长的浮游植物高峰期这种主要分类群内部和之间的物候洗牌很可能对能量向更高营养级的转移产生深远的影响。
Aim Phytoplankton form the basis of the marine food web and are responsible for approximately 50% of the world's photosynthesis. Changes to their ecology are, therefore, important: here, we examined seasonal patterns in ocean phytoplankton abundance for 45 taxa over 59 years collected from circa 410,000 km of line-transect sampling at temperate latitudes.Location The North Sea.Methods For our analysis we used plankton abundance data from the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, sea surface temperature measurements from the Hadley Centre, UK Meteorological Office and wind speed data from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set, NOAA.Results We found large differences in changes in the timing of peak abundance between the major phytoplankton groups. Late-summer blooming dinoflagellates (n = 10 taxa) tended to show a large seasonal advancement, the timing of peak abundance for dinoflagellates as group advancing 39 days over these six decades. By contrast diatoms (n = 35) did not show any change as a group in their timing of peak abundance over the time series. Granger causality testing suggested a major driver of these phenological changes has been ocean warming in general but more specifically the rate of spring temperature rise as the most important factor. We also found differences in the timing of peak abundance of harmful algal bloom taxa, with some showing peak abundance earlier while others have moved later.Main conclusions There has been a fundamental transformation of the classic seasonal progression from blooms of diatoms to dinoflagellates, which lies at the heart of temperate marine food chains, as the classic bimodal diatom and dinoflagellate seasonal peaks are eroded to a more continuous, single, longer-lasting phytoplankton peak. This phenological shuffling within and between major taxonomic groups is likely to have profound implications for the transfer of energy to higher trophic levels.