DETOXIFICATION OF DEOXYNIVALENOL BY BACILLUS STRAINS
DETOXIFICATION OF DEOXYNIVALENOL BY BACILLUS STRAINS
复制标题
芽孢杆菌菌株对脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的解毒作用
DOI：
10.1111/j.1745-4565.2010.00228.x
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Zeng, Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng, Bocai;Wan, Cuixiang;Zeng, Ming
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）对食用受污染食物和饲料的动物和人类构成健康风险。目前还没有建立有效的DON解毒方法。从益生菌中筛选DON解毒菌并研究其解毒机制，将有助于食品加工中的安全性。本研究通过两轮筛选，从59株益生菌中筛选出两株具有DON解毒能力的芽孢杆菌。在竞争性间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）中，采用调节pH和8倍稀释的策略成功地消除了MRS和营养肉汤对DON测定的干扰。在37 ℃、180 rpm条件下培养12 h，两株芽孢杆菌的脱毒能力均达到较高水平，脱毒率分别>98%和71.4%。当加热温度在65- 75 ℃之间变化时，反应速率急剧下降。当加热温度为100 ℃时，解毒潜力完全丧失，而活细胞被证明没有解毒潜力。这两种芽孢杆菌对DON的解毒机制与其SCS中的某些温敏物质有关。
实际应用
全球25%的粮食受到霉菌毒素的污染，造成了食品和饲料的质量安全问题，也造成了巨大的经济损失。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇是玉米和小麦中最常见的真菌毒素之一，其解毒方法较少。本研究发现，两株芽孢杆菌益生菌对脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇具有较强的解毒能力，可应用于饲料和发酵食品的发酵过程中。此外，我们的研究为寻找潜在的细菌提供了一个方案，这些细菌可用于其他真菌毒素的解毒，黄曲霉毒素B1、赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮等。
Deoxynivalenol (DON) poses a health risk to animals and humans consuming contaminated food and feed. Currently, no effective method had been established to detoxify DON. Obtaining strains for the detoxification of DON from probiotic strains and ascertaining the mechanisms of detoxification will be helpful for assuring food safety in food processing. In this research, two Bacillus strains possessing the capability of detoxifying DON were picked out from 59 probiotics by using a two-run screening. The strategy of adjusting pH and eightfold dilution was successfully applied to eliminate the interferences caused by MRS and nutrition broth in DON determination in competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The capability of detoxification reached a high level when the spent culture supernatant of these two Bacillus were incubated at 37C, 180 rpm for 12 h, the detoxification rate were >98% and 71.4%, respectively. The rate presented a sharp decrease when the heating temperature changed from 65–75C. The detoxification potential was completely lost, when the heating temperature was 100C, whereas the viable cells were demonstrated as having no detoxification potential. The mechanism for detoxification of DON is related to some thermosensitive substances in the SCS of these two Bacillus.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Twenty-five percent of the global grains were contaminated by mycotoxins, resulting in the problem of quality and safety in food and feeds and also great economic loss. As one of the most popular mycotoxins in maize and wheat, deoxynivalenol attracted few many detoxification approaches. In our study, we have found that two probiotic strains of Bacillus presented stronger detoxification ability of deoxynivalenol, therefore they could be applied in the fermentation process of feedstuffs and fermented food. Furthermore, our research provided a protocol for searching the potential bacteria, which could be used for the detoxification of other mytoxins, e.g., aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, etc.