Nascent focal adhesions are responsible for the generation of strong propulsive forces in migrating fibroblasts
Nascent focal adhesions are responsible for the generation of strong propulsive forces in migrating fibroblasts
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.153.4.881
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发表时间：
2001-05-14
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Wang, YL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beningo, KA;Dembo, M;Wang, YL
成纤维细胞迁移涉及与下方基质的复杂机械相互作用。尽管粘着斑处与基质的紧密接触已被研究了数十年，但粘着斑在力传导中的作用仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们绘制了表达绿色荧光蛋白 - 斑联蛋白的成纤维细胞所产生的牵引力应力图。令人惊讶的是，粘着斑的整体分布仅部分类似于牵引力应力的分布。此外，详细分析表明，前沿附近微弱、小的粘着斑传递强大的推进牵引力，而大而明亮的成熟粘着斑施加的力较弱。这种反比关系是运动细胞前沿所特有的，在后端或静止细胞中未观察到。此外，延时分析表明，在粘着斑出现后不久牵引力就会下降，而其大小和斑联蛋白浓度会增加。随着粘着斑的成熟，结构、蛋白质含量或磷酸化的变化可能导致粘着斑从传递强大推进力的功能转变为维持细胞铺展形态的被动锚定装置。
Fibroblast migration involves complex mechanical interactions with the underlying substrate. Although tight substrate contact at focal adhesions has been studied for decades, the role of focal adhesions in force transduction remains unclear. To address this question, we have mapped traction stress generated by fibroblasts expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-zyxin. Surprisingly, the overall distribution of focal adhesions only partially resembles the distribution of traction stress. In addition, detailed analysis reveals that the faint, small adhesions near the leading edge transmit strong propulsive tractions, whereas large, bright, mature focal adhesions exert weaker forces. This inverse relationship is unique to the leading edge of motile cells, and is not observed in the trailing edge or in stationary cells. Furthermore, time-lapse analysis indicates that traction forces decrease soon after the appearance of focal adhesions, whereas the size and zyxin concentration increase. As focal adhesions mature, changes in structure, protein content, or phosphorylation may cause the focal adhesion to change its function from the transmission of strong propulsive forces, to a passive anchorage device for maintaining a spread cell morphology.