What do childhood anxiety disorders predict?
What do childhood anxiety disorders predict?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01812.x
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Angold, Adrian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bittner, Antje;Egger, Helen L.;Angold, Adrian
背景：很少有儿童和青少年精神病理学的纵向研究探讨了特定的儿童焦虑症和青少年精神障碍之间的联系。在本文中，我们测试了分离焦虑症（SAD）、过度焦虑症（OAD）、广泛性焦虑症（GAD）和社交恐惧症的预测特异性。方法：数据来自大烟山研究 (GSMS)。对具有代表性的儿童群体样本（入院时年龄为 9 岁、11 岁和 13 岁）进行追踪至 19 岁。906 名参与者获得了儿童期（13 岁之前）和青少年精神疾病（13 岁至 19 岁）的诊断。结果：儿童 SAD 预示着青少年 SAD，而 OAD 与后来的 OAD、惊恐发作、抑郁和品行障碍 (CD) 相关。 GAD仅与CD相关。儿童时期的社交恐惧症与青少年 OAD、社交恐惧症和注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 相关。结论：儿童时期的焦虑症是青春期一系列精神疾病的预测因素。目前的广泛性焦虑症诊断规则似乎遗漏了值得明确诊断的儿童。未来的研究应该检验 OAD 作为一个疾病分类实体是否值得重新考虑。
Background: Few longitudinal studies of child and adolescent psychopathology have examined the links between specific childhood anxiety disorders and adolescent psychiatric disorder. In this paper we test the predictive specificity of separation anxiety disorder (SAD), overanxious disorder (OAD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and social phobia. Methods: Data come from the Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS). A representative population sample of children - ages 9, 11, and 13 years at intake - was followed to age 19. Diagnoses of both childhood (before age 13 years) and adolescent psychiatric disorders (age 13 to 19 years) were available from 906 participants. Results: Childhood SAD predicted adolescent SAD, whereas OAD was associated with later OAD, panic attacks, depression and conduct disorder (CD). GAD was related only to CD. Social phobia in childhood was associated with adolescent OAD, social phobia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Conclusions: Anxiety disorders in childhood are predictors of a range of psychiatric disorders in adolescence. It appears that children meriting a well-defined diagnosis are missed by the current rules for the diagnosis of GAD. Future studies should examine whether OAD deserves reconsideration as a nosological entity.