Occurrence and co-occurrence of hallucinations by modality in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders
Occurrence and co-occurrence of hallucinations by modality in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.102
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Dudley, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McCarthy-Jones, Simon;Smailes, David;Dudley, Robert
我们不仅不清楚为什么精神分裂症中幻觉的发生率不同，而且发生的程度也不同。目前缺乏对精神分裂症幻觉的可靠患病率估计，特别是非听觉幻觉。研究还倾向于报告终生，而不是按方式指出患病率。本研究评估了爱尔兰 (N=693) 和澳大利亚 (N=218) 被诊断患有慢性精神分裂症谱系障碍的人群中幻觉的患病率和同时发生率，包括听觉、视觉、嗅觉和触觉方面的终生患病率和点患病率。终生患病率为 64-80% 听觉、23-31% 视觉、9-19% 触觉和 6-10% 嗅觉。过去一个月的患病率为 23-27% 听觉、5-8% 视觉、4-7% 触觉和 2% 嗅觉。大多数参与者仅产生一种幻觉，这几乎总是听觉。大约三分之一的人产生了两种幻觉，最常见的是听觉和视觉。目前大多数出现幻觉的患者也以单一方式产生幻觉，同样，几乎总是听觉。 30-37% 的终生幻听患者曾经历过幻视，而 83-97% 的曾经历过幻视的患者曾经历过幻听。这些发现有助于描绘精神分裂症幻觉的模态分布，并为理论模型提供解释目标。
It is not only unclear why hallucinations in schizophrenia occur with different prevalence by modality, but also to what extent they do. Reliable prevalence estimates of hallucinations by modality in schizophrenia are currently lacking, particularly for non-auditory hallucinations. Studies have also tended to report lifetime, not point prevalence by modality. This study assessed the prevalence and co-occurrence of hallucinations, for both lifetime and point prevalence, across the auditory, visual, olfactory, and tactile modalities, in people diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in Ireland (N=693) and Australia (N=218). Lifetime prevalence was 64-80% auditory, 23-31% visual, 9-19% tactile, and 6-10% olfactory. Past month prevalence was 23-27% auditory, 5-8% visual, 4-7% tactile, and 2% olfactory. The majority of participants had only hallucinated in one modality, with this nearly always being the auditory. Approximately one-third had hallucinated in two modalities, most commonly the auditory and visual. Most currently hallucinating patients also hallucinated in a single modality, again, nearly always the auditory. Whereas 30-37% of patients with lifetime auditory hallucinations had experienced visual hallucinations, 83-97% of patients with experience of visual hallucinations had experienced auditory hallucinations. These findings help delineate the modality distribution of hallucinations in schizophrenia, and provide an explanatory target for theoretical models.