Relative radiative forcing consequences of global emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and NOx from human activities estimated with a zonally-averaged two-dimensional model
Relative radiative forcing consequences of global emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and NOx from human activities estimated with a zonally-averaged two-dimensional model
复制标题
用区域平均二维模型估计人类活动造成的碳氢化合物、一氧化碳和氮氧化物的全球排放的相对辐射强迫后果
DOI：
10.1007/bf00139301
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
R. Derwent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. E. Johnson;R. Derwent
全球二维（高度-纬度）化学输运模型用于跟踪甲烷和臭氧这两种主要辐射活性微量气体的对流层分布变化，以及短期微量气体甲烷、一氧化碳和非甲烷碳氢化合物持续排放的逐步变化。辐射影响取决于为应用的排放变化选择的纬度。针对一系列短命痕量气体推导了阶跃变化全球变暖潜势 (GWP)，以描述其相对于二氧化碳的单位排放量的时间积分辐射强迫影响。全球升温潜能值表明，碳氢化合物的对流层化学可以通过改变羟基自由基、甲烷和臭氧的对流层分布产生显着的间接辐射影响。对于飞机来说，氮氧化物排放的间接辐射强迫影响似乎大于二氧化碳排放的影响。然而，必须根据纬向平均模型已知的不足及其对许多重要对流层过程的不良代表性来看待二维模型研究的定量结果。
A global two-dimensional (altitude-latitude) chemistry transport model is used to follow the changes in the tropospheric distribution of the two major radiatively active trace gases, methane and ozone, following step changes to the sustained emissions of the short-lived trace gases methane, carbon monoxide and non-methane hydrocarbons. The radiative impacts were dependent on the latitude chosen for the applied change in emissions. Step change global warming potentials (GWPs) were derived for a range of short-lived trace gases to describe their time-integrated radiative forcing impacts for unit emissions relative to that of carbon dioxide. The GWPs show that the tropospheric chemistry of the hydrocarbons can produce significant indirect radiative impacts through changing the tropospheric distributions of hydroxyl radicals, methane and ozone. For aircraft, the indirect radiative forcing impact of the NOx emissions appears to be greater than that from their carbon dioxide emissions. Quantitative results from this two-dimensional model study must, however, be viewed against the known inadequacies of zonally-averaged models and their poor representation of many important tropospheric processes.