Forensic ballistic analysis using a 3D sensor device
Forensic ballistic analysis using a 3D sensor device
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使用 3D 传感器设备进行法医弹道分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
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通讯作者：
C. Vielhauer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Fischer;C. Vielhauer
应用非侵入式光学3D传感技术从弹丸和弹丸中获取工具痕迹和法医痕迹是目前一个新兴的研究领域。在这项工作中，我们将提出与德国国家警察合作开发的枪弹和弹丸上可能的工具标记的第一个分类。此外，我们将引入从潜在指纹分析领域推导出来的粗扫描和细节扫描的概念。粗扫描用于系统确定以及痕迹的检测和定位，随后的详细扫描用于对检测到的工具标记微观结构进行详细评估。在我们的研究中，我们使用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜同时获得非常详细的地形图像，激光强度图像和评估表面的彩色图像。这样就可以将2D和3D信息结合起来，对给定标本进行更可靠的分析。详细描述法医弹道过程，相关工作，确定的标准，以及潜在的有用的工具标记以及特征，在本出版物的过程中给出。我们进一步提出了基于分析墨盒的详细激光强度和地形信息将改善墨盒底部分割的假设的第一个评估。使用来自三个不同制造商的18发子弹，由三种不同的武器发射；与仅基于二维颜色信息的处理相比，第一次分割结果显示出非常积极的趋势。在此基础上，采用线廓线测量法对击针压痕进行了测量。虽然这些实验还处于初步阶段，但最初的结果看起来很有希望。
The application of non-invasive optical 3D sensing technology for the acquisition of toolmarks and forensic traces from projectiles and cartridges is currently an emerging field of research. In this work we will present a first taxonomy of possible toolmarks on cartridges and projectiles that has been developed in cooperation with the German state police. Furthermore, we will introduce a concept of coarse- and detail-scan deduced from the domain of latent fingerprint analysis. There a coarse-scan is used for system determination as well as detection and localization of traces, and subsequent detail-scans are used for detailed evaluation of the detected toolmarks microstructure. In our research we use a laser-scanning confocal microscope to acquire a very high detail topography image, a laser-intensity image, and a color image of the assessed surface simultaneously. This allows the combination of 2D and 3D information for a more reliable analysis of the given specimens. Detailed description of the forensic ballistic process, the related work, the identified standards, and the potential useful toolmarks as well as characteristics, are given in the course of this publication. We further present a first evaluation that is based on the assumption that detailed laser-intensity and topography information of the analyzed cartridges will improve the segmentation of cartridge bottoms. Using an overall set of 18 cartridges from three different manufactures, fired by three different weapons; the first segmentation results show a very positive tendency compared to a processing that is merely based on the 2D color information. Furthermore, line-profile measurement is applied for the firing-pin impression. While the experiments are of preliminary nature the first results look promising.