A six-moment multi-fluid plasma model

A six-moment multi-fluid plasma model
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六时刻多流体等离子体模型

DOI:
10.1016/j.jcp.2019.02.023
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Gombosi, Tamas
Gombosi, Tamas
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Huang, Zhenguang;Tóth, Gábor;van der Holst, Bart;Chen, Yuxi;Gombosi, Tamas

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我们提出了一个六矩多流体模型,它解决了离子和电子的控制方程,压力各向异性沿着和垂直于磁场方向,以及完整的麦克斯韦方程组。这组方程包括霍尔效应、不同物种的不同温度和压力各向异性。它比具有各向同性压力的五阶矩方程更全面,并且比具有全压力张量的十阶矩方程便宜得多。与五阶和十阶矩方程类似,波速自然受到光速的限制,这消除了霍尔磁流体力学(MHD)中存在的无限哨声波速的问题。也可以模拟多个带负电荷的流体,这在MHD模型中无法完成。六矩模型是一个合理的描述外磁场重联区域的等离子体,因此非常适合与嵌入式粒子在细胞模型,覆盖重联区域耦合。我们的数值实现使用一个点隐式方案的刚性源项,我们使用二阶精确的Rusanov型计划,精心挑选的波速。对于等离子体变量和磁场,最大波速是基于我们导出的各向异性压力下MHD的快磁声速。对于与电场相关的变量,使用光速。磁场的发散和高斯定律用双曲-抛物格式控制。我们提出了一些数值试验,以证明该数值模型是强大的,而不是过度扩散。
We present a six-moment multi-fluid model, which solves the governing equations for both ions and electrons, with pressure anisotropy along and perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, as well as the complete set of Maxwell equations. This set of equations includes the Hall effect, different temperatures for different species and pressure anisotropy. It is more comprehensive than the five-moment equations with isotropic pressures and significantly less expensive than the ten-moment equations with a full pressure tensors. Similarly to the five- and ten-moment equations, the wave speeds are naturally limited by the speed of light, which eliminates the issue of unlimited whistler wave speeds present in Hall magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). It is also possible to simulate multiple negatively charged fluids, which cannot be done in MHD models. The six-moment model is a reasonable description of the plasma outside magnetic reconnection regions and therefore well-suited to be coupled with an embedded particle-in-cell model that covers the reconnection region. Our numerical implementation uses a point-implicit scheme for the stiff source terms, and we use a second-order accurate Rusanov-type scheme with carefully selected wave speeds. For the plasma variables and the magnetic field the maximum wave speed is based on the fast magnetosonic speed of MHD with anisotropic pressures that we derive. For the electric field related variables the speed of light is used. The divergence of the magnetic field and Gauss's law are controlled with a hyperbolic-parabolic scheme. We present a number of numerical tests to demonstrate that this numerical model is robust without being excessively diffusive.
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