Bioavailability and toxicity of silver nanoparticles: Determination based on toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic processes
Bioavailability and toxicity of silver nanoparticles: Determination based on toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic processes
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银纳米粒子的生物利用度和毒性：基于毒代动力学-毒动力学过程的测定
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2021.117603
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发表时间：
2021-09-15
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Zhu, Xiaoshan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Yongfei;Wu, Weiran;Zhu, Xiaoshan
确定银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）的生物利用度和毒性机制是具有挑战性的，因为Ag +在实际暴露系统（无论实验室还是自然环境）中通过外部或内部AgNPs溶解而持续释放。在这里，一种新的脉冲梯度Ag+（AgNO 3）曝光进行斑马鱼（Danio rerio）幼虫模拟溶解的梯度浓度的Ag+从聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）涂层的银纳米粒子。使用获得的Ag+参数的毒代动力学-毒代动力学（TK-TD）模型预测了脉冲梯度Ag+（AgNO 3）的积累和毒性，同时，从PVP-AgNPs释放的Ag+。为了进一步理解PVP-AgNP在体内释放Ag+的可能机制，还使用斑马鱼的亚细胞级分（59）与AgNP体外孵育以模拟真实的体内情况。在TK过程中，体内分析表明，AgNP释放到体内的Ag+大约是用单一Ag+脉冲暴露系统检测到的Ag+的两倍;这得到了亚细胞59级分可能导致PVP-AgNP失去封端剂并有利于Ag+释放的证据的支持。在TD过程中，毒性（存活率）预测的总身体Ag（I）的浓度，这表明AgNP在幼虫的毒性主要是由于逐渐释放的Ag+，而不是AgNP本身。该研究有助于阐明Ag+在AgNP毒性中的作用，并为研究金属纳米颗粒及其相应金属离子在生物系统中的毒性提供了一个新的框架。
Determining the bioavailability and toxicity mechanism of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is challenging as Ag + is continuously released by external or internal AgNP dissolution in the actual exposure system (regardless of the laboratory or the natural environment). Here a novel pulsed-gradient Ag+ (AgNO3) exposure was conducted with zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae to simulate dissolved gradient concentrations of Ag+ from polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNPs. The accumulation and toxicity of the pulsed-gradient Ag+ (AgNO3) and, in the meantime, the released Ag+ from PVP-AgNPs were predicted using a toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) model with obtained Ag+ parameters. In order to further understand the possible mechanism of PVP-AgNP releasing Ag+ in the body, subcellular fractions (59) of zebrafish were also used to incubate with AgNPs in vitro to mimic the realistic in vivo scenarios. In the TK process, in vivo analysis showed that AgNPs released around twice as many Ag+ into the body than were detected with a single Ag+ pulse-exposure system; this was supported by evidence that subcellular 59 fractions might cause the PVP-AgNPs to lose the capping agent and favor Ag+ release. In the TD process, toxicity (survival rate) was predicted by the total bodily Ag(I) concentration, suggesting that AgNP toxicity in larvae was mainly due to gradually released Ag+ rather than AgNPs themselves. This study helps clarify the role of Ag+ in AgNP toxicity and offers a novel framework by which to investigate the toxicity of metal nanoparticles and corresponding metal ions in biological systems.