Developmental checkpoints and feedback circuits time insect maturation.
Developmental checkpoints and feedback circuits time insect maturation.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-385979-2.00001-0
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
O'Connor, Michael B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rewitz, Kim F.;Yamanaka, Naoki;O'Connor, Michael B.
从幼年到成年的过渡是一个基本的过程，允许动物在完成一定量的生长后将资源分配给繁殖。在昆虫中，生长到特定物种的目标大小会诱导类固醇激素蜕皮激素的脉冲，从而触发变态和生殖成熟。在过去的几年里，已经看到了重大进展，了解相互作用的机制，协调蜕皮激素的生产和释放的时间。这些研究表明，神经内分泌系统监测复杂的大小相关的和营养的信号，以及外部线索，时间的生产和蜕皮激素的释放。基于这里讨论的结果，我们认为，发育进展到成年期是由检查点，调节遗传时序程序，使其能够适应不同的环境条件。这些检查点利用许多信号通路来调节前胸腺中蜕皮激素的产生。蜕皮激素的释放激活了前馈和反馈信号的自主级联，这些信号决定了每个发育过渡期蜕皮激素脉冲的持续时间。保护的遗传机制，协调青少年-成人的过渡表明，从果蝇的见解将提供一个框架，为今后的调查发育时间后生动物。
The transition from juvenile to adult is a fundamental process that allows animals to allocate resource toward reproduction after completing a certain amount of growth. In insects, growth to a species-specific target size induces pulses of the steroid hormone ecdysone that triggers metamorphosis and reproductive maturation. The past few years have seen significant progress in understanding the interplay of mechanisms that coordinate timing of ecdysone production and release. These studies show that the neuroendocrine system monitors complex size-related and nutritional signals, as well as external cues, to time production and release of ecdysone. Based on results discussed here, we suggest that developmental progression to adulthood is controlled by checkpoints that regulate the genetic timing program enabling it to adapt to different environmental conditions. These checkpoints utilize a number of signaling pathways to modulate ecdysone production in the prothoracic gland. Release of ecdysone activates an autonomous cascade of both feedforward and feedback signals that determine the duration of the ecdysone pulse at each developmental transitions. Conservation of the genetic mechanisms that coordinate the juvenile-adult transition suggests that insights from the fruit fly Drosophila will provide a framework for future investigation of developmental timing in metazoans.