Multistep nucleation and growth mechanisms of organic crystals from amorphous solid states
Multistep nucleation and growth mechanisms of organic crystals from amorphous solid states
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非晶态有机晶体的多步成核和生长机制
DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-11887-2
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发表时间：
2019-08-27
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Guo, Xuefeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Hongliang;Li, Mingliang;Guo, Xuefeng
分子自组装成晶化的薄膜或表面的导线，产生了一大类显示出独特的光电子性能的基元。然而，分子结晶的基本机制却鲜有人关注。在这里，我们报告了一种能够自组装的磷酸盐工程两亲性有机半导体的仿生设计，这使我们能够使用实时原位扫描探针显微镜来监测这种有机半导体薄膜在无定形固态成核和结晶时的生长轨迹。单晶薄膜在二维几何结构中通过进化选择方法生长，包括五个不同的步骤：液滴扁平化、薄膜合并、调幅分解、Ostwald熟化和自重组层生长。这些复杂的工艺提供了具有高迁移率的超长高密度微线阵列，从而促进了对机理的深入理解，并为通过分子和晶体工程设计和开发功能性高性能有机光电材料和器件提供了重要的见解。
Molecular self-assembly into crystallised films or wires on surfaces produces a big family of motifs exhibiting unique optoelectronic properties. However, little attention has been paid to the fundamental mechanism of molecular crystallisation. Here we report a biomimetic design of phosphonate engineered, amphiphilic organic semiconductors capable of self–assembly, which enables us to use real-time in-situ scanning probe microscopy to monitor the growth trajectories of such organic semiconducting films as they nucleate and crystallise from amorphous solid states. The single-crystal film grows through an evolutionary selection approach in a two-dimensional geometry, with five distinct steps: droplet flattening, film coalescence, spinodal decomposition, Ostwald ripening, and self-reorganised layer growth. These sophisticated processes afford ultralong high-density microwire arrays with high mobilities, thus promoting deep understanding of the mechanism as well as offering important insights into the design and development of functional high-performance organic optoelectronic materials and devices through molecular and crystal engineering.