Sweet taste pleasantness is modulated by morphine and naltrexone
Sweet taste pleasantness is modulated by morphine and naltrexone
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-016-4403-x
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Leknes, Siri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eikemo, Marie;Loseth, Guro E.;Leknes, Siri
啮齿动物模型强调μ阿片受体（莫尔）信号传导在可口食物消耗中的关键作用。然而，在人类中，莫尔刺激对饮食和食物喜好的影响仍不清楚。目标在这里，我们测试了人类在莫尔药物操作后的甜味愉悦体验。我们推测由内源性莫尔系统调节的行为会被莫尔激动增强而被拮抗降低。与啮齿动物的发现一致，我们预期最甜（高热量）蔗糖刺激物的药物作用最强。因为很多人认为非常甜的刺激物是令人厌恶的（称为甜dislikers），我们还评估了是否莫尔操纵影响愉快评级的蔗糖水刺激不同的主观和客观value.Methods在双向精神药理学交叉研究，49名健康男性进行了甜味范例后，双盲管理的莫尔激动剂吗啡，安慰剂，结果如假设的那样，用吗啡刺激莫尔增加了五种蔗糖溶液中最甜的溶液的愉悦感，而没有增强低蔗糖溶液的愉悦感。对于阿片拮抗作用，仅在最甜的饮料中观察到相反的模式。所观察到的药物对最甜的饮料的愉悦的影响没有不同甜likers和dislikers.Conclusions的双向效应的激动剂和拮抗剂治疗与啮齿动物的研究结果表明，莫尔操纵最强烈地影响最高热量的食物。我们推测，莫尔系统促进生存的一部分，通过增加食物刺激的客观（热量）和主观（享乐）值之间的一致性，使喂养行为变得更加集中在最丰富的食物。
Background Rodent models highlight the key role of mu-opioid receptor (MOR) signaling in palatable food consumption. In humans, however, the effects of MOR stimulation on eating and food liking remain unclear.Objectives Here, we tested sweet pleasantness experience in humans following MOR drug manipulations. We hypo thesized that behaviors regulated by the endogenous MOR system would be enhanced by MOR agonism and decreased by antagonism. In line with rodent findings, we expected the strongest drug effects for the sweetest (high-calorie) sucrose stimuli. As very sweet stimuli are considered aversive by many people (called sweet dislikers), we also assessed whether MOR manipulations affect pleasantness ratings of sucrose-water stimuli differently depending on subjective and objective value.Methods In a bidirectional psychopharmacological cross-over study, 49 healthy men underwent a sweet taste paradigm following double-blind administration of the MOR agonist morphine, placebo, and the opioid antagonist naltrexone.Results As hypothesized, MOR stimulation with morphine increased pleasantness of the sweetest of five sucrose solutions, without enhancing pleasantness of the lower-sucrose solutions. For opioid antagonism, an opposite pattern was observed for the sweetest drink only. The observed drug effects on pleasantness of the sweetest drink did not differ between sweet likers and dislikers.Conclusions The bidirectional effect of agonist and antagonist treatment aligns with rodent findings showing that MOR manipulations most strongly affect the highest-calorie foods. We speculate that the MOR system promotes survival in part by increasing concordance between the objective (caloric) and subjective (hedonic) value of food stimuli, so that feeding behavior becomes more focused on the richest food available.