Correlated responses to selection for stress resistance and longevity in a laboratory population of Drosophila melanogaster
Correlated responses to selection for stress resistance and longevity in a laboratory population of Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00928.x
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Loeschcke, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bubliy, OA;Loeschcke, V
对果蝇的实验室研究表明，对一种环境胁迫的抵抗力通常与对其他胁迫的抵抗力相关。还有证据表明抗压性、长寿和其他健康相关特征之间存在遗传相关性。目前的工作利用黑腹果蝇的人工选择来研究这些关联。选择成年果蝇以提高严寒、酷热、干燥和饥饿应激后的存活率，并延长耐热时间和寿命（分别为 CS、HS、DS、SS、KS 和 LS 品系组）。选择世代数LS为11代，SS为27代，其他品系为21代，选择强度约为0.80。对于每组线，估计了上述五个抗压参数以及寿命（在无压力环境中）。此外，对所有在非应激条件下饲养的品系进行了成年前发育时间、早期生产力和胸廓长度的检查。将选择品系与未选择的对照进行比较，揭示了对抗逆性状的明确的直接选择反应。除 HS 外，所有选择品系组中的饥饿抗性随着相关反应而增加。冷休克（HS 和 DS）和热休克（KS 和 DS）后的生存率也存在正相关反应。就不同应激测定的抗性值而言，HS 和 KS 系最相似。 SS线的电阻值接近LS线的电阻值并且在所有选择线中趋向于最低。 SS 和 KS 系的发育时间延长，而 LS 系的胸廓长度缩短。结果表明，所检查的性状和与抗压性和寿命相关的适应成本可能存在不同的多重抗压机制。
Laboratory studies on Drosophila have revealed that resistance to one environmental stress often correlates with resistance to other stresses. There is also evidence on genetic correlations between stress resistance, longevity and other fitness-related traits. The present work investigates these associations using artificial selection in Drosophila melanogaster. Adult flies were selected for increased survival after severe cold, heat, desiccation and starvation stresses as well as increased heat-knockdown time and lifespan (CS, HS, DS, SS, KS and LS line sets, respectively). The number of selection generations was 11 for LS, 27 for SS and 21 for other lines, with selection intensity being around 0.80. For each set of lines, the five stress-resistance parameters mentioned above as well as longevity (in a nonstressful environment) were estimated. In addition, preadult developmental time, early age productivity and thorax length were examined in all lines reared under nonstressful conditions. Comparing the selection lines with unselected control revealed clear-cut direct selection responses for the stress-resistance traits. Starvation resistance increased as correlated response in all sets of selection lines, with the exception of HS. Positive correlated responses were also found for survival after cold shock (HS and DS) and heat shock (KS and DS). With regard to values of resistance across different stress assays, the HS and KS lines were most similar. The resistance values of the SS lines were close to those of the LS lines and tended to be the lowest among all selection lines. Developmental time was extended in the SS and KS lines, whereas the LS lines showed a reduction in thorax length. The results indicate a possibility of different multiple-stress-resistance mechanisms for the examined traits and fitness costs associated with stress resistance and longevity.