Adult cortisol response to immature offspring play in captive squirrel monkeys.
Adult cortisol response to immature offspring play in captive squirrel monkeys.
复制标题
圈养松鼠猴中成年皮质醇对未成熟后代玩耍的反应。
DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.07.009
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Newman,JohnD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soltis,Joseph;Wegner,FrederickH;Newman,JohnD
不同的环境和社会条件影响圈养动物的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺活动。与单独饲养的动物相比，社交隔离和单独饲养的动物通常会经历更多的皮质醇分泌，当暴露在新环境中等挑战时，社会陪伴可以缓冲压力反应。然而，同种特质的存在也可能是造成压力的原因，因为社会动态会影响个人。松鼠猴(Saimiri spp.)容易形成同性从属社会关系，但在圈养中，未成熟后代的存在严重扰乱了成年人之间的从属关系。我们通过比较两组有未成熟后代的成年人和一组完全成年的成年人，研究了未成熟后代的存在对成年人的行为和生理影响。我们进行了行为观察，收集了成年成员的尿液，并在威斯康星州国家灵长类研究中心进行了皮质醇检测。有未成熟子女组的成年人平均每小时从子女那里得到18次游戏尝试，成年从属关系减少了五倍，与全成人组相比，尿皮质醇水平更高。主成分分析显示，以接受游戏尝试、拒绝游戏尝试以及缺乏与其他成年人的附属联系为特征的成年人的平均尿皮质醇水平最高。进一步的分析表明，导致尿皮质醇水平升高的主要原因是未成熟后代持续的玩耍尝试，而不是由此导致的成人抱抱的缺乏。综上所述，这些数据表明，未成熟后代的破坏作用会导致圈养成年松鼠猴子皮质醇的慢性增加。
Variable environmental and social conditions influence hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal activity in captive animals. Socially separated and individually housed animals generally experience increased cortisol secretion compared to animals housed with conspecifics, and social companionship can buffer the stress response when exposed to challenges such as introduction to novel environments. Nevertheless, the presence of conspecifics may also be the cause of stress because social dynamics impact individuals. Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.) readily form same-sex affiliative social relationships, but in captivity, the presence of immature offspring severely disrupts affiliative associations among adults. We examined behavioral and physiological effects of the presence of immature offspring on adults by comparing two groups of adults with immature offspring to an all-adult group. We conducted behavioral observations and collected urine from adult members, and urine was assayed for cortisol at the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center. Adults in groups with immature offspring received an average of 18 play attempts per hour from the offspring, experienced a fivefold decrease in adult affiliation, and showed higher urinary cortisol levels compared to the all-adult group. A principal components analysis showed that adults characterized by receiving play attempts, rejecting play attempts, and lacking affiliative contact with other adults showed the highest mean urinary cortisol levels. Further analyses demonstrated that the persistent play attempts by immature offspring, not the resulting lack of adult huddling, were primarily responsible for the observed increase in urinary cortisol levels. Taken together, these data suggest that the disruptive effect of immature offspring produces a chronic cortisol increase in captive adult squirrel monkeys.