How do aerosols affect cloudiness?
How do aerosols affect cloudiness?
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aaw3720
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发表时间：
2019-02
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Yousuke Sato;Kentaroh Suzuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yousuke Sato;Kentaroh Suzuki
气溶胶是悬浮在大气中的微小颗粒物，其来源包括农业废弃物、森林火灾、海上喷雾（见照片）、沙漠灰尘和工业污染等。它们通过直接反射和吸收太阳辐射，以及通过充当云粒子的核来调节云的性质，从而改变地球气候系统的能量平衡。气溶胶-云相互作用的结果（1）是，云粒子的大小随着气溶胶数浓度的增加而趋于减小，从而抑制了降雨的形成。然而，很难确定云对这些相互作用的总体响应以及由此产生的气候效应。在本期的第599页，Rosenfeld等人（2）报告说，云对相互作用的响应比以前估计的要大得多（见图）。
Cloud-aerosol interactions can be determined more accurately by isolating aerosol effects Aerosols are tiny particles suspended in the atmosphere that originate from sources such as agricultural waste, forest fires, sea spray (see the photo), desert dust, and industrial pollution. They alter the energy balance of Earth's climate system through direct reflection and absorption of solar radiation as well as through modulating cloud properties by serving as nuclei for cloud particles. As a result of such aerosol-cloud interactions (1), cloud particle size tends to fall with increasing aerosol number concentration and rain formation is suppressed. However, it has been difficult to determine the overall cloud response to these interactions and the resulting climate effect. On page 599 of this issue, Rosenfeld et al. (2) report that the cloud response to the interaction is much larger than previously estimated (see the figure).