Gender and the Greening of Buddhism: Exploring Scope for a Buddhist Ecofeminism in an Ultramodern Age
Gender and the Greening of Buddhism: Exploring Scope for a Buddhist Ecofeminism in an Ultramodern Age
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性别与佛教的绿色化：探索超现代时代佛教生态女性主义的范围
DOI：
10.1558/jsrnc.32469
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Tomalin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Tomalin
尽管生态女性主义很受欢迎，对许多人有吸引力，但它被批评为将妇女的角色本质化和浪漫化，使其接近自然，从而再现了助长歧视的殖民主义和生物决定论的话语。作为回应，有人试图为生态女性主义辩护，认为这种批评是夸张的，我们比以往任何时候都更需要生态女性主义（Philips和Rumens 2016）。在对生态女性主义重新产生兴趣的气氛中，我问为什么有些信仰传统在生态女性主义文学中的代表性要比其他信仰传统大得多？我通过考察佛教徒对性别和生态的反应，发现了不同宗教之间生态女性主义参与的差异。在本文中，我采用了Halafoff和Rajkobal（2015）发展的超现代佛教理论来理解当代佛教。本研究提出三个主要的研究问题：（1）“绿色佛教”的性别化程度如何？2)为什么几乎没有人试图将女权主义分析与对佛教和环保主义的回应结合起来？为什么要分别与他们接触？3）佛教徒女性（和男性）在实践中以何种方式结合性别分析和环保主义，涉及或超出生态女性主义的框架？为了更好地理解为什么佛教生态女性主义在西方或亚洲都没有被佛教徒命名和宣称，有必要进行地方层面的实证研究，考察超现代佛教徒生活中对性别和环境主义之间关系的主观理解，而不是假设一个标准的生态女性主义立场作为主要参考点。
Despite its popularity and appeal for many, ecofeminism has been criticized for essentializing and romanticizing women’s roles as close to nature thereby reproducing colonialist and biologically determinist discourses that contribute to discrimination. In response there have been attempts to defend ecofeminism, arguing that such critiques are hyperbolic and that we need ecofeminism more than ever (Philips and Rumens 2016). In a climate of renewed interest in ecofeminism, I ask why is it that some faith traditions are represented to a far greater extent in ecofeminist literature than others? I pick up on this discrepancy within ecofeminism’s engagement between different religions through examining Buddhist responses to gender and ecology. In the paper I adopt a theory of ultramodern Buddhism, developed by Halafoff and Rajkobal (2015), to understand Buddhism in the contemporary era. Three main research questions are addressed: 1) to what extent has ‘green Buddhism’ been gendered?; 2) why has there has been virtually no attempt to bring together feminist analysis with responses to Buddhism and environmentalism? Why have they been approached separately?; and 3) in what ways are Buddhist women (and men) combining gender analysis and environmentalism in practice in reference to or outside the framework of ecofeminism? To better understand why a Buddhist ecofeminism has not been named and claimed by Buddhists in either the West or Asia, there is a need for local level empirical studies that examine subjective understandings of relationships between gender and environmentalism in the lives of ultramodern Buddhist practitioners rather than assuming a standard ecofeminist position as the primary reference point.
杰出佛教女性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Takashi Yamaguchi;Mitsunori Ogawa;Akimichi Takemura;Akimichi Takemura;Akimichi Takemura;Akimichi Takemura;Tomomi Ito;綾部真雄他;Karma Lekshe Tsomo (ed.)
通讯作者：
Karma Lekshe Tsomo (ed.)