Growing up in a permissive household: What deters at-risk adolescents from heavy drinking?
Growing up in a permissive household: What deters at-risk adolescents from heavy drinking?
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2008.69.528
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Klein, David J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tucker, Joan S.;Ellickson, Phyllis L.;Klein, David J.
目的：本研究确定了可能阻止生活在允许家庭中的青少年在 9 年级和 11 年级酗酒的心理社会因素。方法：从 7 10 名完成 7 年级至 11 年级调查的青少年中获得纵向数据。允许家庭是根据青少年的报告来定义的，即父母是否 (1) 如果青少年饮酒或吸食大麻会感到不安，(2) 当青少年离家时知道孩子的下落，以及(3)设置宵禁。过去 30 天内大量饮酒的频率是指青少年至少饮用 3 杯酒精饮料的天数。结果：来自宽容家庭的青少年中有四分之三的人在九年级时酗酒，同时报告同龄人和成人饮酒较少、同龄人对饮酒的认可程度较低、对饮酒的积极信念较弱、学业倾向较强、抵抗自我效能较高以及犯罪较少的青少年，酗酒的频率较低。此外，社会影响和酒精信仰预测了两年后来自宽容家庭的青少年酗酒的频率。尽管这些因素中的大多数也与来自非宽容家庭的青少年有关，但社会影响、酒精信念和抵抗自我效能是来自宽容家庭的青少年在九年级时酗酒的更强预测因素。结论：在宽容的家庭中长大与酗酒有关。尽管如此，即使在这一高危人群中，一些社会心理因素也与酗酒频率较低有关。针对鼓励饮酒的同伴和成人影响、对饮酒的积极态度以及抵抗自我效能的酒精预防计划对于阻止生活在宽容家庭的青少年酗酒可能特别重要。
Objective: This study identified psychosocial factors that may deter adolescents living in permissive households from heavy drinking in Grades 9 and 11. Method: Longitudinal data were obtained from 7 10 youth who completed surveys from Grades 7 to 11. Permissive household was defined based on adolescent reports of whether the parents (1) would be upset if the adolescent drank or used marijuana, (2) knew their child's whereabouts when the adolescent was away from home, and (3) set curfews. Frequency of heavy drinking in the last 30 days was the number of days the adolescent had at least three alcoholic drinks. Results: Three quarters of adolescents from permissive households reported heavy drinking at Grade 9, with less frequent heavy drinking among those who concurrently reported less exposure to peer and adult drinking, less peer approval of drinking, weaker positive beliefs about drinking, a stronger academic orientation, higher resistance self-efficacy, and less delinquency. Further, social influences and alcohol beliefs predicted the frequency of heavy drinking 2 years later among adolescents from permissive households. Although most of these factors were also relevant for adolescents from nonpermissive households, social influences, alcohol beliefs and resistance self-efficacy were stronger predictors of heavy drinking at Grade 9 among youth from permissive households. Conclusions: Growing up in a permissive household was associated with heavy drinking. Nonetheless, several psychosocial factors were associated with less frequent heavy drinking even within this at-risk population. Alcohol prevention programs that target prodrinking peer and adult influences, positive attitudes toward drinking, and resistance self-efficacy may be particularly important in deterring heavy drinking among adolescents living in permissive households.