Detection of Majorana zero mode in the vortex
Detection of Majorana zero mode in the vortex
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41535-017-0037-4
复制
发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Hao-Hua Sun;Jinfeng Jia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hao-Hua Sun;Jinfeng Jia
马约拉纳零模是凝聚态系统中的准粒子激发，其行为类似于马约拉纳费米子。它们服从非阿贝尔统计，并被提议作为拓扑量子计算机的构建块。它们被预测存在于拓扑超导体的涡旋中。2012年，通过在s波超导体上沉积拓扑绝缘体薄膜，设计出了这种拓扑超导体。此后，有几个证据证明涡旋中存在马约拉纳零模态。在这篇综述中，我们将所有的实验和理论结果结合起来，表明这些实验证据是一致的，并且它们也得到了理论的有力支持，因此牢固地确立了Majorana零模式的存在。此外，当两个涡旋足够接近时，相邻的马约拉纳零模湮灭，这表明它们具有马约拉纳费米子的性质。最后，讨论了它们在拓扑量子计算中的潜在应用。
Majorana zero modes, which behave like Majorana fermions, are quasiparticle excitations in condensed matter systems. They obey non-Abelian statistics, and have been proposed as building blocks of topological quantum computers. They are predicted to exist in the vortex of topological superconductors. In 2012, such a topological superconductor was engineered by depositing topological insulator thin films on top of an s-wave superconductor. Thereafter, several evidences have been reported to prove the Majorana zero modes’ existence in the vortex. In this review, by putting all experimental and theoretical results together, we show that these experimental evidences are consistent and they are also strongly supported by the theories, so the existence of Majorana zero mode is firmly established. Moreover, the adjacent Majorana zero modes annihilate when two vortices are close enough, which demonstrate that they have the nature of Majorana fermions. Finally, their potential application in topological quantum computing is discussed.